أَخْلَHe violatedبِواحِدٍoneمِنْofهَذِهِtheseالثَّلاثَةِthreeوَهُوَand it isمَذْهَبٌthe doctrineالخَوَارِجِof the KhawarijوَفِيهِAnd in it
He violated one of these three, which is the doctrine of the Khawarij. And in it,
فَوَائِدُbenefitsجَلِيلَةٌgreatتَرَاجَعَتْrevisitedهُنَاكَthereقَالَhe said
there are significant benefits mentioned there. He said:
بِدَلِيلٍas evidenceأَنَّthatكَثِيرًاmanyمِنَofالأَوْقَاتِthe timesيَرْتَفِعُare raisedالْعَمَلُthe workمِنْfromالْمُؤْمِنِthe believerوَلَاand notيَجُوزُit is permissibleأَنْthatيُقَالُit is saidارْتَفَعَhas been elevatedعَنْهُfrom himالإيمَانُthe faithفَإِنَّfor indeedالْحَائِضَthe menstruating womanوَالنَّفْسَاءَand the postpartum womanيَرْفَعُHe raisesاللَّهُAllahسُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىGlory be to Him and Exalted be Heعَنْهَاfrom herالصَّلَاةَthe prayerوَلَاand notيَجُوزُit is permissibleأَنْthatيُقَالُit is saidرُفِعَHe raisedاللَّهُAllahعَنْهُمَاfrom them bothالإيمَانَthe faithوَأَمَرَهُمَاand He commanded them bothبِتَرْكِto leaveالإيمَانِthe faithوَقَدْand indeedقَالَhe saidلَهَاto herالشَّارِعُthe legislatorدَعِيleaveالصِّيَامَthe fastingثُمَّthenاقْضِيَهُmake it upوَلَاand notيَجُوزُit is permissibleأَنْthatيُقَالُit is saidدَعِيleaveالإيمَانَthe faithثُمَّthenاقْضِيَهُmake it up
As evidence that much work is elevated from the believer, it is not permissible to say that faith has been elevated from him. Indeed, Allah raises the prayer from the menstruating and postpartum woman, and it cannot be said that Allah has elevated faith from them both. And the legislator said to her: 'Leave the fasting, then make it up.' Nor can it be said: 'Leave the faith, then make it up.'
أَقُولُI sayالْحَائِضَthe menstruating womanتَقْضِيmakes upالصِّيَامَthe fastingإِذَاwhenطَهُرَتْshe becomes pureوَلَاand notتَقْضِيmakes upالصَّلَاةَthe prayerوَكَذَلِكَand likewiseالنَّفْسَاءَthe postpartum woman
I say, the menstruating woman makes up the fasting when she becomes pure, and she does not make up the prayer, and likewise the postpartum woman.
كَمَاasفِيinمِفْتَاحِthe keyالسَّعَادَةِof happinessفَدَلَّthus indicatingأَنَّthatالإيمَانَthe faithغَيْرُis differentالْعَمَلِfrom the workوَالْعَمَلُand the workغَيْرُis differentالإيمَانِfrom the faith
As in the Key of Happiness, thus indicating that faith is different from the work, and work is different from faith.
قَالَHe saidوَيَجُوزُand it is permissibleأَنْthatيُقَالُit is saidلَيْسَnotعَلَىonالْفَقِيرِthe poorزَكَاةٌthe almsgivingوَلَاand notيَجُوزُit is permissibleأَنْthatيُقَالُit is saidلَيْسَnotعَلَىonالْفَقِيرِthe poorإِيْمَانٌthe faith
He said: 'And it is permissible to say that there is no almsgiving on the poor, and it is not permissible to say that there is no faith on the poor.'
أَقُولُI sayإِنَّthatالإيمَانَthe faithغَيْرُis differentالْعَمَلِthe workوَالْعَمَلُand the workغَيْرُis differentالإيمَانِfrom the faithبِدَلِيلٍby evidenceقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَىthe ExaltedقُلْSayلِعِبَادِيto My servantsالَّذِينَwhoآمَنُواbelievedيُقِيمُواestablishالصَّلَاةَthe prayerمُؤْمِنِينَas believersقَبْلَbeforeإِقَامَةِthe establishmentالصَّلَاةِthe prayerكَمَاasفِيinبَحْرِthe seaالكَلَامِof speech
I say that faith is different from the work, and the work is different from faith, by evidence of His saying, the Exalted, 'Say to My servants who have believed, they should establish prayer.' They are believers before the establishment of the prayer, as in the Sea of Speech.
فَصْلٌSectionسَمَّاهُمHe called them
Section: He called them.
قَالَHe saidالمُصَنِّفُthe authorأَبُوAbuحَنِيفَةَHanifaرَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُmay Allah be pleased with himنَقَرَwe acknowledgeأَنَّthatتَقْدِيرَthe estimationالْخَيْرِthe goodوَالشَّرِّand the evilكُلَّهُallاللَّهُ تَعَالَىAllah the Exaltedلَأَنَّهُfor ifلَوْifزَعَمَhe claimedأَنَّthatتَقْدِيرَthe estimationالْخَيْرِthe goodمِنْfromغَيْرِهِothersصَارَhe becameكَافِرًاdisbelieverبِاللَّهِ تَعَالَىin Allah the Exaltedوَبَطَلَand invalidatedتَوْحِيدَهُhis monotheism
He said: 'The author Abu Hanifa, may Allah be pleased with him, acknowledged that the estimation of good and evil is all from Allah the Exalted, for if he claims that the estimation of good is from other than Allah, he has become a disbeliever in Allah and invalidated his monotheism.'