إنَّIndeedتَقْدِيرَthe estimationالْخَيْرِthe goodوَالشَّرِّand the evilكُلَّهُall of itمِنْis fromاللَّهِAllahتَعَالَىExaltedلِأَنَّهُbecause He isخَالِقٌthe creatorجَمِيعَof allالْمُمْكِنَاتِthat which is possibleوَمِنْand amongجُمْلَتِهِits entiretyالشَّرِّthe evilفَيَكُونَthus He isخَالِقًاa creatorلَهُfor itأَيْضًاalsoفَمَنْso whoeverزَعَمَclaimsأَيَّthatقَالَsaysإنَّthatالشَّرَّthe evilلَاdoes notيَكُونَexistمِنْfromاللَّهِAllahيَكُونُisكَافِرًاdisbelieverلِأَنَّهُbecauseأَشْرَكَhe associatedبِاللَّهِwith AllahتَعَالَىExalted
Indeed, the estimation of good and evil is all from Allah, the Exalted, because He is the creator of all that is possible, including evil, thus He is also a creator of it. So whoever claims that evil does not exist from Allah will be a disbeliever because he has associated partners with Allah, the Exalted.
كَذَاAlsoفِيinالشَّرْحِthe explanationوَقَالَAnd saidعَلِيُّAliبِنْbinسُلْطَانِSultanمُحَمَّدٍMuhammadالْقَارِيْthe reciter:قَدْIndeedرَوَىnarratedعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe ProphetاللَّهِAllahأَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaidكَتَبَWroteاللَّهُAllahمَقَادِيرَthe decreesالْخَلَائِقِof the creationsقَبْلَbeforeأَنْthatيَخْلُقَHe createsالسَّمَاوَاتِthe heavensوَالأَرْضَand the earthبِخَمْسِينَfiftyأَلْفَthousandسَنَةًyearsوَكَانَتْand His throne wasعَرْشُهُHis throneعَلَىonالْمَاءِthe waterرَوَاهُNarrated byمُسْلِمٌMuslim,وَقَالَAnd saidالْقَسْطَلَانِيُّAl-Qastalaniفِيinالْمَوَاهِبِthe giftsاللَّذِنِيَّةِthe divine:أَخْرَجَHe extractedمُسْلِمٌMuslimفِيinصَحِيحِهِhis authentic workمِنْfromحَدِيثٍthe narrationعَبْدِAbdاللَّهِAllahبِنْbinعَمْرٍAmrبِنْbinالْعَاصِAl-Asعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe ProphetاللَّهِAllahأَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaidإنَّIndeedاللَّهَAllahتَعَالَىthe Exaltedكَلَّمَاwroteمَقَادِيرَdecreesالْخَلَائِقِof the creationsقَبْلَbeforeأَنْthatيَخْلُقَHe createsالسَّمَاوَاتِthe heavensوَالأَرْضَand the earthبِخَمْسِينَfiftyأَلْفَthousandسَنَةًyearsوَكَانَand wasعَرْشُهُHis throneعَلَىonالْمَاءِthe waterوَتَمَامُand the completionهَذَاthisالْبَحْثُresearchيَجِيءُwill comeإِنifشَاءَwillsاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Exalted
Also in the explanation, it was said by Ali bin Sultan Muhammad al-Qari: Indeed, it was narrated from the Prophet of Allah that he said: "Allah wrote the decrees of the creations before He created the heavens and the earth by fifty thousand years and His throne was upon the water." Narrated by Muslim. Al-Qastalani said in his book 'Mawahi al-Diniyyah': Muslim narrated in his authentic work from the narration of Abd Allah bin Amr bin al-As from the Prophet of Allah that he said: "Indeed, Allah wrote the decrees of the creations before He created the heavens and the earth by fifty thousand years and His throne was upon water." And the completion of this discussion will come if Allah wills, the Exalted.
فَصْلٌChapterقَالَsaidالْمُصَنِّفُthe authorأَبُوAbuحَنِيفَةَHanifaرَضِيَpleasedاللَّهُAllahعَنْهُwith him:(نَقُولُ(we confirm)أَيُّthatمَعْشَرَthe groupأَهْلَof the peopleالسُّنَّةِthe Sunnahوَالْجَمَاعَةِand the communityبِأَنَّthatالأَعْمَالَthe actionsثَلاَثَةٌthreeفَرِيضَةٌobligatoryوَandفَضِيلَةٌvirtueوَمَعْصِيَةٌand disobedience)
Chapter: The author Abu Hanifa, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "We confirm that the actions are three: obligatory, virtue, and disobedience."
أَقُولُI sayأَرَادَhe meantبِالْأَعْمَالِby actionsمَاwhatيَتَعَلَّقُrelatesبِالْآخِرَةِto the Hereafterيُثَابَwill be rewardedأَوْorيُعَاقَبَpunishedعَلَيْهِfor itوَإِلَّاotherwiseفَالأَعْمَالُthe actionsلَيْسَتْare notمَنْحَصِرَةًrestrictedفِيinثَلاثَةٍthreeكَذَاalsoفِيinالشَّرْحِthe explanationقَالَhe said:فَالفَرِيضَةُSo the obligatoryبِأَمْرِby commandاللَّهِAllahأَقُولُI sayقَالَhe saidالشَّارِحُthe commentatorاتَّفَقُواagreed
I say, he meant by actions what relates to the Hereafter, for which one will be rewarded or punished for it. Otherwise, the actions are not restricted to three. Also, in the explanation, he said: "So the obligatory is by the command of Allah." I say, the commentator said they agreed.