fiqh al akbar

Page 66

فَنَقُولُSo we sayاللَّهَGodتَعَالَىExaltedبِجَمِيعِwith allصِفَاتِهِof His attributesوَأَسْمَائِهِand His namesقَدِيمٌancientأَزَلِيٌّeternalوَصِفَاتِand the attributesاللَّهِof GodتَعَالَىExaltedوَأَسْمَاؤُهُand His namesلَاnotهُوَHeوَلَاnorغَيْرُهُanotherلَأَنَّاbecause if weلَوْifقُلْنَاwe sayبِأَنَّthatهَذِهِtheseالصِّفَاتِattributesاللَّهِof Godيُؤَدِّيleadsإِلَىtoأَنْthatيَكُونَbeإِلَهَيْنِtwo godsاثْنَيْنِtwoوَاللَّهُand Godتَعَالَىthe Exaltedواحِدٌis oneلَاnotهُوَHeشَرِيكٌpartnerلَهُto Himوَلَوْeven ifقُلْنَاwe say::بِأَنَّthatهَذِهِtheseالصِّفَاتِattributesغَيْرَother thanاللَّهِGodتَعَالَىthe Exaltedلَكَانَتْthey would have beenهَذِهِtheseالصِّفَاتِattributesمُحْدَثَةٌnewly createdوَهَذَاand thisلَاis notيَجُوزُpermissibleانْتَهَىended

So we say that God, Exalted be He, with all His attributes and names is ancient and eternal, and the attributes of God and His names are neither He nor another, because if we state that these attributes of God lead to Him being two gods, God is one, He has no partner with Him. If we were to say that these attributes are other than God, they would be newly created, and this is not permissible. It has ended.

قَالَHe said::(مَكْتُوبٌ(writtenفِيinالْمَصَاحِفَthe scripturesمَقْرُوءٌreadبِالْأَلْسِنَةِby the tonguesمَحْفُوظٌpreservedفِيinالصُّدُورِthe chestsوَغَيْرٌand notحَالٌthe caseفِيهَاin themأَقُولُI sayلَيْسَis notبِمَوْضُوعٍan objectفِيinالْمَصَاحِفِthe scripturesوَلَاnorيَحْتَمِلُcan bearالزِّيَادَةَadditionوَالنَّقْصَانَand decreaseحَتَّىuntilإِنَّthatمِنْfromأَحْرَقَburnedالْمَصَاحِفِthe scripturesلَاnorيَحْتَرِقُburnedالْقُرْآنَthe QuranكَمَاasأَنْthatاللَّهَGodتَعَالَىExaltedمَذْكُورٌmentionedبِالْأَلْسِنَةِby the tonguesمَحْبُوبٌbelovedبِالْقُلُوبِin the heartsمَعْبُودٌworshipedفِيinالأَمَاكِنِthe placesوَلَيْسَand notبِمَوْجُودٍby presenceفِيinالأَمَاكِنِthe placesوَلَاnorفِيinالْقُلُوبِthe heartsكَمَاasقَالَsaidاللَّهُGodتَعَالَىExaltedالَّذِينَthose whoيَتَّبِعُونَfollowالرَّسُولَthe Messengerالنَّبِيَّthe Prophetالأُمِّيَّthe unletteredالَّذِيwhoيَجِدُونَهُthey find himمَكْتُوبًاwrittenعِندَهُمْwith themفِيinالتَّورَاةِthe Torahوَالْأِنْجِيلِand the Gospel»"وَإِنَّمَاAnd certainlyوَجَدُواfoundنَعْتَهُhis descriptionوَصِفَاتِهِand his attributesلَاnotشَخْصَهُhis personكَمَاasفِيinبَحْرِthe seaالكَلَامِof words

He said: (It is written in the scriptures, read by the tongues, preserved in the chests, and not the case in them. I say it is not an object in the scriptures, nor does it allow addition or decrease, until that those who burned the scriptures are not burned, as God is mentioned by the tongues, beloved in the hearts, worshiped in the places, and not present in the places or in the hearts. As God, Exalted be He, said "those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, whom they find written with them in the Torah and the Gospel," and they found his description and attributes, not his person, as in the sea of words.

الْحَاصِلُThe totalأَنْthatالْمَكْتُوبُwhat is writtenفِيinالْمَصَاحِفِthe scripturesالْأَلْفَاظُthe wordsالدَّالَّةُthat indicateعَلَىonالْمَعْنَىthe meaningالْقَائِمُthat standsبِذَاتِهِby itselfوَالْمَعْنَىand the meaningالْقَائِمُthat standsبِذَاتِهِin itselfتَعَالَىthe Exaltedغَيْرُdifferent fromحَالٌthe caseفِيinالْمَصَاحِفِthe scriptures

The essence is that what is written in the scriptures are the words that indicate the meaning that stands by itself, and the meaning that stands in itself is different from the case in the scriptures.

قَالَHe said::(وَالْحِبْرُ(and the inkوَالْكَاغِدُand the paperوَالْكِتَابَةُand the writingمَخْلُوقَةٌare createdلِأَنَّهَاbecause they areأَفْعَالٌactionsالْعِبَادِof the servantsوَكَلَامُand the speechاللَّهِof GodتَعَالَىExaltedغَيْرُis notمَخْلُوقٌcreatedلِأَنَّbecauseالْكِتَابَةُthe writingوَحُرُوفٌand the lettersوَكَلِمَاتٌand the wordsوَالْآيَاتُand the versesدَلَالَةٌindicateالْقُرْآنِ)the Quran)أَقُولُI sayوُجِدَfound

He said: (and the ink and the paper and the writing are created because they are actions of the servants, and the speech of God, Exalted be He, is not created because the writing, the letters, the words, and the verses indicate the Quran). I say that it is found.