وَالنُّبُوَّةُ،And the Prophethood,فَالنُّبُوَّةُfor Prophethoodدَاخِلَةٌis includedفِيinالرِّسَالَةِthe Messageوَالرِّسَالَةُand the Messageأَعْمُّis more generalمِنْthanجِهَةٍits ownنَفْسِهَا،itself,وَأَخَصُّand more specificمِنْthanجِهَةِthe aspectأَهْلِهَا،of its people,فَكُلُّfor everyرَسُولٍMessengerنَبِيٍّ،is a Prophet,وَلَيْسَand notكُلُّeveryنَبِيٍّ،Prophet,رَسُولًا،a Messenger,فَالأَنْبِيَاءُfor the Prophetsأَعْمُّ،are more general,وَالنُّبُوَّةُand Prophethoodنَفْسَهَاitselfجُزْءٌis a partمِنْofالرِّسَالَةِ،the Message,فَالرِّسَالَةُfor the MessageتَتَنَاوَلُencompassesالنُّبُوَّةَProphethoodوَغَيْرَهَاand othersبِخِلَافِunlikeالنُّبُوَّةِ،Prophethood,فَإِنَّهَاfor itلَاdoes notتَتَنَاوَلُencompassesالرِّسَالَةَ .the Message.
And Prophethood is included in the Message, and the Message is more general in itself, and more specific regarding its people. Every Messenger is a Prophet, but not every Prophet is a Messenger. The Prophets are more general, and Prophethood itself is a part of the Message; the Message encompasses Prophethood and others, unlike Prophethood, which does not encompass the Message.
وَالنَّبِيُّAnd the Prophetﷺ(peace be upon him)فَسَّرَexplainedالإِسْلَامَIslamوَالإِيمَانَand faithبِمَاby whatأَجَابَhe answeredبِهِwith itكَمَاasيُجَابُis answeredعَنْaboutالْمُحَدَّدِthe definedبِالْحَدِّby the limitإِذَاifقِيلَ :it was said:مَاwhatكَذَا؟such is this?قِيلَ :It was said:كَذَا وَكَذَا،Such and such,كَمَاasفِيinالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالصَّحِيحِ،the authentic,لَمَّاwhenقِيلَ:it was said:مَاwhatالْغِيبَةُ؟is backbiting?قَالَ :He said:ذِكْرُكَMentioning youأَخَاكَyour brotherبِمَاwith whatيَكْرَهُ»he dislikes."
And the Prophet (peace be upon him) explained Islam and faith by what he answered as one answers about the defined by the limit. If it was said: 'What is such and such?' It was said: 'Such and such,' as in the authentic hadith, when it was said: 'What is backbiting?' He said: 'Mentioning your brother with what he dislikes.'
وَفِيAnd inالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالْآخَرِ:the other:«الْكِبْرُ‘Prideبَطَرُis rejectionالْحَقِّof the truthوَغَمْطُand belittlingالنَّاسِ»people.”
And in the other hadith: 'Pride is rejection of the truth and belittling of people.'
وَبَطَرٌAnd rejectionالْحَقُّof the truthجَحْدُهُis denying itوَدَفْعُهُand pushing it awayوَغَمْطٌand belittlingالنَّاسِ :the people:احْتِقَارُهُمْis regarding them as insignificantوَازْدِرَاؤُهُمْ .and degrading them.
Rejection of the truth is denying it and pushing it away, and belittling people is regarding them as insignificant and degrading them.
وَسَنَذْكُرُAnd we will mentionـ إِنْ- ifشَاءَGod willsاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَى ـthe Exalted -سَبَبَthe reasonتَنَوُّعِfor the varietyأَجْوِبَتِهِ،of his answers,وَأَنَّهَاand that theyكُلَّهَاare allحَقٌّ .truth.
And we will mention - if God wills - the reason for the variety of his answers, and that they are all the truth.
وَلَكِنَّButالْمَقْصُودَthe intendedأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ :meaning his statement:«بُنِيَ‘Was builtالإِسْلَامُIslamعَلَىuponخَمْسٍ،»five,’كَقَوْلِهِ:is like his saying:الإِسْلَامُ‘Islamهُوَisالْخَمْسُ،the five,كَمَاasذُكِرَmentionedفِيinحَدِيثِthe hadithجِبْرِيلَ،of Gabriel,فَإِنَّfor the matterالْأَمْرَisمُرَكَّبٌcomposedمِنْofأَجْزَاءٍ،parts,تَكُونُwhich areالْهَيْئَةَthe social structureالِاجْتِمَاعِيَّةَof societyفِيهَاin itمَبْنِيَّةٌis basedعَلَىonتِلْكَthoseالأَجْزَاءِpartsوَمُرَكَّبَةٌ مِنْهَا.and composed of them.
But the intended meaning of his statement: 'Islam was built upon five,' is like his saying: 'Islam is the five,' as mentioned in the hadith of Gabriel. For the matter is composed of parts, which constitute the social structure in it and are based on those parts and composed of them.
فَالإِسْلَامُThus, Islamمَبْنِيٌّis builtعَلَىuponهَذِهِtheseالْأَرْكَانِ.pillars.
Thus, Islam is built upon these pillars.
وَسَنُبَيِّنُAnd we will clarifyـ إِنْ- ifشَاءَGod willsاللَّهُAllahاِخْتِصَاصَthe specificityهَذِهِof theseالْخَمْسِfiveبِكَوْنِهَاby beingهِيَtheyالإِسْلَامَ،was Islam,وَعَلَيْهَاand upon themبُنِيَwas builtالإِسْلَامُ،Islam,وَلَمْand why notتُخَصَّصْwas specifiedبِذَلِكَwith thisدُونَother thanغَيْرِهَاit fromمِنَtheالْوَاجِبَاتِ؟obligations?
And we will clarify - if God wills - the specificity of these five by being Islam, and upon them was built Islam, and why were they specified with this over the other obligations?
وَقَدْAnd indeedفَسَّرَhe explainedالإِيمَانَfaithفِيinحَدِيثِthe hadithوَفْدِof the delegationعَبْدِAbdالْقَيْسِal-Qaisبِمَاby whatفَسَّرَhe explainedبِهِwith itالإِسْلَامَIslamهُنَا،here,وَلَكِنَّهُbut heلَمْdid notيَذْكُرْmentionفِيَهَاin itالْحَجَّ،the pilgrimage,وَهُوَand it isمُتَّفَقٌagreedعَلَيْهِ،upon,فَقَالَ:he said:«آمُرُكُمْ‘I command youبِالإِيمَانِwith faithبِاللَّهِin Allahوَحْدَهُ،alone,هَلDoتَدْرُونَyou knowمَاwhatالإِيمَانُfaithبِاللَّهِin Allahوَحْدَهُ؟alone?قَالُوا :They said:اللَّهُAllahوَرَسُولُهُand His Messengerأَعْلَمُ،know better,قَالَ:he said:«شَهَادَةٌ‘The testimonyأَنْthatلَاthere is noإِلَٰهَdeityإِلَّاexceptاللَّهَ،Allah,وَأَنَّand thatمُحَمَّدًاMuhammadرَسُولُis His Messenger,اللَّهِ،Allah,وَإِقَامَةُand establishingالصَّلَاةِ،the prayer,وَإِيتَاءُand givingالزَّكَاةِthe alms,وَصَوْمُand fastingرَمَضَانَ،during Ramadan,وَأَنَّand thatتُؤَدُّواyou giveخُمُسًاone-fifth,مَاwhatغَنِمْتُمْ،you have gained,أَوْorخُمُسًاone-fifthمِنَfromالْمَغْنَمِ» .the spoils.
Indeed, he explained faith in the hadith of the delegation of Abd al-Qais with what he explained Islam here, but he did not mention the pilgrimage in it, which is agreed upon. He said: 'I command you to have faith in Allah alone. Do you know what faith in Allah alone is?' They said: 'Allah and His Messenger know better.' He said: 'The testimony that there is no deity except Allah, and that Muhammad is His Messenger, establishing the prayer, giving the alms, fasting during Ramadan, and that you give one-fifth of what you have gained, or one-fifth from the spoils.'
(۱)(1)رَوَاهُReported byمُسْلِمٌMuslim[مُخْتَصَرٌ[ShortenedصَحِيحٌSahihمُسْلِمٌ»Muslim']١٨٠٦].1806].
(1) Reported by Muslim [Shortened Sahih Muslim] 1806].
(٢)(2)رَوَاهُReported byأَحْمَدُAhmad[«المُسْنَدِ»[‘Musnad’٦٥٨٠6580بِاللَّفْظِ :with the wording:«سُفَهٌ‘Prideالْحَقُّ،of truth,وَغَمْطٌand belittlingالنَّاسِ ]،people],وَandمُسْلِمٌ،Muslim,وَالْبُخَارِيُّand Bukhariفِيinالْأَدَبِthe ethicsالْمُفْرَدِ»the Individual’[صَحِيحٌ[Sahihالأَدَبِof the ethicsالْمُفْرَدِindividualلِلْأَلْبَانِيِّof al-Albani٥٥٦/٥٢٢،556/522,طُبِعَتْprintedالْمَكْتَبَةُby the Islamic office,الْإِسْلَامِيَّةُ،Islamic,وَلَاand do notتُلْقُواpay attentionبَالًاtoلِلطَّبْعَةِthe editionغَيْرِnonالْمَشْرُوعَةِ،authorized,مَعَwithمَاwhatفِيهَاis in itمِنْofأَغْلاَطٍ،errors,وَكَلَامٍand speechخَارِجَoutsideالْأَدَبِthe ethicsالَّذِيthatمِنْfor whichأَجْلِهِthe purposeأَلَّفَهُcompiledالإِمَامُthe Imamالْبُخَارِيُّal-Bukhariكِتَابَهُhis bookوَانْظُرُواAnd seeصَحِيحٌthe authenticسُنَنَSunanأَبِيof Abuدَاوُدَ -Daud -بِاخْتِصَارٍbrieflyالسَّنَدُthe chain of narrators٣٤٤٨،3448,وَصَحِيحٌand SahihالسُّنَنُSunnaالتُّرْمِذِيُّ -al-Tirmidhi -بِاخْتِصَارٍbrieflyالسَّنَدُthe chain of narrators٢/١٦٢٦،2/1626,وَصَحِيحٌand Sahihالْجَامِعُthe Jamiaالصَّغِيرِ)the small)- بِتَرْتِيبِي- by my order٤٦٠٨]]4608] .
(2) Reported by Ahmad [‘Musnad’ 6580 with the wording: ‘Pride of the truth, and belittling people], and Muslim, and Bukhari in the ethics of the Individual [Sahih of the ethics of the individual by al-Albani 556/522, printed by the Islamic office, and do not pay attention to the non-authorized edition, with what is in it of errors and speech outside the ethics for which the Imam al-Bukhari compiled his book. And see the authentic Sunan of Abu Dawud - briefly the chain of narrators 3448, and the authentic Sunan of al-Tirmidhi - briefly the chain of narrators 2/1626, and the authentic Jamia small) - by my order ]4608].