لَهُمْto themبِالْكُفْرِ،with disbelief,قَالَsaidاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَى:the Exalted:﴿وَلَوْ﴿And ifكَانُواthey wereيُؤْمِنُونَbelievingبِاللَّهِin Allahوَandالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetوَمَاand whatأُنزِلَwas revealedإِلَيْهِto him.مَاWhatاتَّخَذُوهُمْthey took themأَوْلِيَاءَas allies.
To them with disbelief, said Allah the Exalted: 'And if they were believing in Allah and the Prophet and what was revealed to him, they would not have taken them as allies.'
وَقَوْلُهُ:And His saying:﴿فَلَا﴿But noوَرَبِّكَby your Lordلَاnotيُؤْمِنُونَthey will believeحَتَّىuntilيُحَكِّمُوكَthey make you the judgeفِيمَاin whatشَجَرَhas disputedبَيْنَهُمamong them.ثُمَّThenلَاnotيَجِدُواthey findفِيinأَنفُسِهِمْthemselvesحَرَجًاany discomfortمِّمَّاfrom whatقَضَيْتَyou have judgedوَيُسَلِّمُواand they submitتَسْلِيمًاa complete submission.
And His saying: 'But no, by your Lord, they will not believe until they make you the judge in what has disputed among them, then they will not find in themselves any discomfort from what you have judged and they submit a complete submission.'
فَجَعَلَSo madeاللَّهُAllahهَذِهِtheseالْأُمُورَmattersشَرْطًاa conditionفِيinثُبُوتِthe establishmentحُكْمِof the rulingالْإِيمَانِ،of faith,فَثَبَتَand it is provenأَنَّthatالْإِيمَانَfaithالْمَعْرِفَةَknowledgeبِشَرَائِطَwith conditionsلَاdoes notيَكُونَbeمُعَتَّدًىconsideredبِهِas validدُونَهَا.without them.
So Allah made these matters a condition for the establishment of the ruling of faith, and it is proven that faith, knowledge with conditions, does not be considered valid without them.
فَيُقَالُ:It is said:إِنْifقُلْتُمْyou said:(إِنَّهُ(that itيَضُمُّaddsإِلَىtoمَعْرِفَةِknowledgeالْقَلْبِof the heartشُرُوطًاconditionsفِيforثُبُوتِestablishingالْحُكْمِthe rulingأَوْorالِاسْمِthe nameلَمْnotيَكُنْbeهَذَاthisقَوْلًsayingجَهْمٍ،Jahm,بَلْbutيَكُونُit isهَذَاthisقَوْلًsayingمِنْofمَا جَعَلَmadeالْإِيمَانَfaithكَالصَّلاَةِ،like prayer,وَالْحَجِّand pilgrimage.وَهُوَAnd it isإِنْifكَانَit wasفِيinاللُّغَةِthe languageبِمَعْنَىmeaningالْقَصْدِintentionوَالدُّعَاءِ،and supplication,لَكِنَّbutالشَّارِعَthe legislatorيَضُمُّaddedإِلَيْهِto itأُمُورًاmattersإِمَّاeitherفِيinالْحُكْمِ،the ruling,وَإِمَّاorفِيinالْحُكْمِthe rulingوَالِاسْمِand the nameوَهَذَاand thisالْقَوْلُsayingقَدْhasسَلَّمَconcededصَاحِبُهُits ownerأَنَّthatحُكْمَthe rulingالْإِيمَانِof faithالْمَذْكُورَmentionedفِيinالْكِتَابِthe Bookوَالْسُّنَةِand the Sunnahلَاnotيُثْبَتُestablishedبِمُجَرَّدِby mereتَصْدِيقِbeliefالْقَلْبِ،of the heart,بَلْbutلَا بُدَّ مِنْit is necessary toتِلْكَthoseالشَّرَائِطِ،conditions,وَعَلَىand uponهَذَاthisفَلَاnotيُمْكِنُهُit is possible for himجَعْلُto makeالْفَاسِقَthe disobedientمُؤْمِنًاa believerإِلَّاexceptبِدَلِيلٍby proofيَدُلُّindicatingعَلَىonذَلِكَ،that,لَاnotبِمُجَرَّدِjust byقَوْلِهِ:saying:إِنَّهُthatمَعَهُhe is withتَصْدِيقِbeliefالْقَلْبِ،of the heart,وَمَنْand whoeverجَعَلَmadeالْإِيمَانَfaithهُوَisتَصْدِيقًاbeliefالْقَلْبِof the heartيَقُولُ:says:كُلَّAllكَافِرٍdisbelieverفِيinالنَّارِthe Fireلَيْسَis notمَعَهُwith himمِنْanyالتَّصْدِيقِbeliefبِاللَّهِin Allahشَيْءٍ،anything,لَا مَعَneither withإِبْلِيسَIblisوَلَاnorمَعَwithغَيْرِهِ.others.وَقَدْAnd it has beenقَالَsaidاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَى:the Exalted:﴿وَإِذْ﴿And whenيَتَحَاجُّونَthey argueفِيinالنَّارِ،the Fireفَيَقُولُthey sayالضُّعَفَاءُthe weak toلِلَّذِينَthose whoاسْتَكْبَرُوا:were arrogant:إِنَّاIndeed, weكُنَّاwereلَكُمْfor youتَبَعًا،followers;فَهَلْso can youأَنتُمyouمُّغْنُونَprovideعَنَّاfor usنَصِيبًاa shareمِّنَofالنَّارِ؟the Fire?قَالَThey said:الَّذِينَthose whoاسْتَكْبَرُوا:were arrogant,إِنَّاIndeed, weكُلٌّwill allفِيهَا.in it.إِنَّIndeed, AllahاللَّهَAllahقَدْhas alreadyحَكَمَruledبَيْنَbetweenالْعِبَادِ.the servants.'
And it has been said by Allah the Exalted: 'And when they argue in the Fire, they say to those who were arrogant: Indeed, we were your followers; can you provide for us a share of the Fire?' Those who were arrogant said: 'Indeed, we will all be in it. Indeed, Allah has ruled between the servants.'
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَى:the Exalted:﴿وَسِيقَ﴿And it was drivenالَّذِينَthose whoكَفَرُواdisbelievedإِلَىtoجَهَنَّمَHellزُمَرًا،in crowds.حَتَّىUntilإِذَاwhenجَاءُوهَاthey came to it,فُتِحَتْits gates were openedأَبْوَابُهَاand its doorsوَقَالَand saidلَهُمْto themخَزَنَتُهَا:its guardians:أَلَمْDid notيَأْتِكُمْthere come to youرُسُلٌmessengersمِّنكُمْfrom youيَتْلُونَrecitingعَلَيْكُمْto youءَايَاتِthe versesرَبِّكُمْof your Lordوَيُنْذِرُونَكُمْand warning youلِقَاءَof the meetingيَوْمِكُمْof your dayهَذَا؟this.قَالُواThey said,بَلَى،Yes,وَلَكِنْbutحَقَّتْthe word has been confirmedكَلِمَةُthe wordالْعَذَابِof punishmentعَلَىuponالْكَافِرِينَ.the disbelievers.'
And He said the Exalted: 'And those who disbelieved were driven to Hell in crowds, until when they came to it, its gates were opened, and its guardians said to them: Did not messengers come to you from among yourselves reciting to you the verses of your Lord and warning you of the meeting of your day?' They said: 'Yes, but the word of punishment has been confirmed upon the disbelievers.'
فَقَدْIndeed,اعْتَرَفُواthey acknowledgedبِأَنَّthatالرُّسُلَthe messengersأَتَتْهُمْ،came to them,وَتَلَتْand recitedعَلَيْهِمْto themآيَاتِthe versesرَبِّهِم،of their Lord,وَأَنذَرَتْهُمْand warned themلِقَاءَof meetingيَوْمِهِمْtheir dayهَذَا،this,فَقَدْand they indeedعَرَفُواknewاللَّهَAllahوَرَسُولَهُand His Messengerوَالْيَوْمِand the Dayالآخِرِ،of the Lastوَهُمْand they areفِيinالْآخِرَةِthe Hereafterكُفَّارٌ.disbelievers.
Indeed, they acknowledged that the messengers came to them, and recited to them the verses of their Lord, and warned them of the meeting of their day; indeed, they knew Allah and His Messenger and the Day of the Last, and they are disbelievers in the Hereafter.
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَى:the Exalted:(كُلَّمَا(Wheneverأُلْقِيَthrownفِيهَاin itفَوْجٌa groupسَالِمٌsafeخَزَنَتُهَا:its guardiansأَلَمْDid notيَأْتِكُمْthere come to youنَذِيرٌa warner?قَالُواThey said,بَلَى،Yes,قَدْindeedجَاءَنَاcame to usنَذِيرٌa warner.فَكَذَّبْنَاBut we deniedوَقُلْنَاand saidمَاwhatنَزَّلَwas revealedاللَّهُAllahمِنofشَيْءٍ)anything.)
And He said the Exalted: '(Whenever a group is thrown into it, its guardians ask: Did not a warner come to you?' They said: 'Yes, indeed a warner came to us, but we denied and said: What was revealed by Allah is nothing.'
فَقَدْIndeed,كَذَّبُواthey deniedبِوُجُودِهِhis existenceوَكَذَّبُواand deniedبِتَنزِيلِهِ.his revelation.وَأَمَّاAnd as forفِيinالْآخِرَةِthe Hereafterفَعَرَفُواthey knewالْجَمِيعَ.all.
Indeed, they denied his existence and denied his revelation. And as for the Hereafter, they knew all.
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَى:the Exalted:﴿وَلَوْ﴿And ifتَرَىyou could seeإِذْwhenوُقِفُواthey were standingعَلَىbeforeرَبِّهِمْtheir Lord,قَالَHe said:أَلَيْسَIs it notهَذَاthisبِالْحَقِّ؟the truth?قَالُواThey said,بَلَى،Yes,وَرَأَيْنَا.We see.قَالَHe said:فَذُوقُواSo tasteالْعَذَابَthe punishmentبِمَاfor whatكُنتُمْyou used toتَكْفُرُونَ.disbelieve.'
And He said the Exalted: 'And if you could see when they were standing before their Lord, He said: Is this not the truth? They said: Yes, we see. He said: So taste the punishment for what you used to disbelieve.'