أَهْلُThe peopleالدَّرَكِof the lowestالْأَسْفَلِplaceمِنْofالنَّارِ،the fire,بَلْbutلَاnotيَكُونُbeقَدْhasأَتَىcomeبِالْإِيمَانِwith faithالْوَاجِبِ،the obligatory,فَنَفْيٌtherefore it is negatedعَنْهُ،from him,كَمَاjust asيُنْفَىit is negatedسَائِرُallالْأَسْمَاءِnamesعَمَّنfrom those whoتَرَكَleftبَعْضَsomeمَاwhatيَجِبُis requiredفِيْهَا،in them,فَكَذَلِكَso likewiseالْأَعْرَابُthe Bedouinsلَمْdid notيَأْتُواcomeبِالْإِيمَانِwith faithالْوَاجِبِ،the obligatory,فَنَفْيٌtherefore it is negatedعَنْهُمْfrom themلِذَلِكَfor that reasonوَإِنْand ifكَانُواthey wereمُسْلِمِينَ،Muslims,مَعَهُمْwith themمِنَ الْإِيمَانِsome faithمَاwhatيُثَابُونَthey will be rewardedعَلَيْهِ.for it.
The people of the lowest place in the fire, but he does not have the obligatory faith, therefore it is negated from him, just as all names are negated from those who leave some of what is required in them. So likewise, the Bedouins did not come with the obligatory faith, therefore it is negated from them for that reason, even if they were Muslims; with them is some faith for which they will be rewarded.
وَهَذَاAnd thisحَالُis the stateأَكْثَرُof mostالْدَّاخِلِينَof those enteringفِيintoالإِسْلَامِIslamابْتِدَاءً،initially,بَلْbutحَالُthe stateأَكْثَرَof mostمِنْof those whoلَمْdid notيَعْرِفُواknowحَقَائِقَthe realitiesالإِيمَانِ،of faith,فَإِنَّfor indeedالرَّجُلَthe manإِذَاifقُتِلَfoughtحَتَّىuntilأَسْلَمَ،he converts to Islam,كَمَاasكَانَthe disbelieversالْكُفَّارُfight untilيُقَاتِلُونَthey convertحَتَّىuntilيُسْلِمُوا،they embrace Islam,أَوْorأَسْلَمَconvertبَعْدَafterالأَسْرِ،being captured,أَوْorسَمِعَheardبِالْإِسْلَامِabout Islamفَجَاءَso he cameفَأَسْلَمَ،and embraced Islam,فَإِنَّهُthen he indeedمُسْلِمٌis a Muslimمُلْتَزِمٌobligatedطَاعَةَto the obedienceالرَّسُولِof the Messengerوَلَمْand did notتَدْخُلenterإِلَىintoقَلْبِهِhis heartالْمَعْرِفَةَthe knowledgeبِحَقَائِقِof the realitiesالإِيمَانِ،of faith,فَإِنَّfor indeedهَذَاthisإِنَّمَاis onlyيُحْدَثُbecomes trueلِمَنْfor whomتَيَسَّرَتْare made easyلَهُfor himأَسْبَابٌthe meansذَلِكَ،of that,إِمَّاeitherبِفَهْمِby understandingالْقُرْآنِthe Quranوَإِمَّاor byبِمُبَاشَرَةٍdirect contact withأَهْلِthe people ofالْإِيمَانِ،faith,وَالْاقْتِدَاءِand followingبِمَاwith whatيَصْدُرُcomes fromعَنْهُمْthemمِنَfromالْأَقْوَالِthe statementsوَالأَعْمَالِand actionsوَإِمَّاor byهِدَايَةٍspecial guidanceخَاصَّةًspecificمِنَfromاللَّهِAllahيَهْدِيهِguides himبِهَا.by it.
And this is the state of most of those entering into Islam initially, but the state of most of those who did not know the realities of faith, for indeed a man if fought until he converts to Islam, as the disbelievers fight until they embrace Islam, or converts after being captured, or hears about Islam so he comes and embraces Islam, then he indeed is a Muslim obligated to the obedience of the Messenger, and the knowledge of the realities of faith has not entered into his heart, for this only occurs for those whom the means of that are made easy, either by understanding the Quran or by direct contact with the people of faith and following what comes from them of the statements and actions or by specific guidance from Allah that He guides him with.
وَالْإِنْسَانُAnd a personقَدْmayيُظْهِرَshowلَهُto himمِنْfromمَحَاسِنِthe virtuesالإِسْلَامِof Islamمَاwhatيَدْعُوهُleads himإِلَىtoالدُّخُولِenteringفِيهِ،into it,وَإِنْand ifكَانَhe wasقَدْbornوُلِدَand raisedعَلَيْهَاon itوَتُرِبِّيَand was raisedبَيْنَamongأَهْلِهِhis familyفَإِنَّهُheيُحِبُّهَا،loves it,فَقَدْfor what has appeared to himظَاهَرَsome ofلَهُit to himبَعْضَsomeمَحَاسِنِهَاof its virtuesوَبَعْضَand someمَسَاوِئِof the vicesالْكُفَّارِ.وof the disbelievers. Manyكَثِيرٌof theseمِنْmayهَؤُلَاءِthoseقَدْmayيَرْتَابَdoubtإِذَاwhenسَمِعَhe hearsالشُّبَهَthe doubtsالْقَادِحَةَthat invalidate it,فِيْهَا،in it,وَلَاand does notيُجَاهِدْstriveفِيinسَبِيلِthe path ofاللَّهِ،Allah,فَلَيْسَthen he is notهُوَheدَاخِلًاenteringفِيinقَوْلِهِhis saying:(إِنَّمَا(Indeed,الْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersالَّذِينَare those whoءَامَنُواbelieveبِاللَّهِin Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerثُمَّand thenلَمْdid notيَرْتَابُواhave doubtوَجَاهَدُواand striveبِأَمْوَالِهِمْwith their wealthوَأَنفُسِهِمand their livesفِيinسَبِيلِthe path ofاللَّهِ،Allah,أُولَـٰئِكَthose areهُمُtheالصَّادِقُونَtruthful.
And a person may show to him from the virtues of Islam what leads him to enter into it, and if he was born on it and raised among his family then he loves it, for what has appeared to him some of its virtues and some of the vices of the disbelievers. Many of these may doubt when he hears the doubts that invalidate it, and does not strive in the path of Allah, then he is not entering into the saying: 'Indeed, the believers are those who believe in Allah and His Messenger, and then do not have doubt and strive with their wealth and their lives in the path of Allah; those are the truthful.'
وَلَيْسَAnd he is notهُوَheمُنَافِقًاa hypocriteفِيinالْبَاطِنِ،the inner self,مُضْمِرًاconcealingلِلْكُفْرِ،disbelief,فَلَاnorهُوَheمِنْofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersحَقًّا،truly,وَلَاnorهُوَheمِنْofالْمُنَافِقِينَ،the hypocrites,وَلَاnorهُوَhe isأَيْضًاalsoمِنْofأَصْحَابِthe people ofالْكَبَائِرِ،the major sins,بَلْbutيَأْتِيhe comesبِالطَّاعَاتِwith the apparent acts of obedienceالظَّاهِرَةِthe visibleوَلَاand does notيَأْتِيprovideبِحَقَائِقِwith the realitiesالإِيمَانِof faithالَّتِيthatيَكُونُmakes himبِهَاby itمِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَof the true believersحَقًّا،truly,فَهَذَاtherefore thisمَعَهُwith himإِيمَانٌfaithوَلَيْسَand is notهُوَheمِنْofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersحَقًّا،truly,وَيُثَابَand he will be rewardedعَلَىforمَاthat whichفَعَلَhe has doneمِنَ الطَّاعَاتِof the acts of obedienceوَلِهَذَاand for this reasonقَالَHe saidتَعَالَى:﴿وَلَكِنthe Exalted: 'Butقُولُواsayأَسْلَمْنَا،we have submitted.'وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonقَالَHe saidيَمُنُّونَthey make a favorعَلَيْكَto youأَنْthat they haveأَسْلَمُواconverted to Islam, sayقُلSayلَاdo notتَمُنُّواmake a favorعَلَىonإِسْلَامَكُمْ،your Islam.بَلِRather, AllahاللَّهُAllahيَمُنُّmakes a favorعَلَيْكُمْon youأَنْthat He hasهَدَاكُمْguided youلِلْإِيمَانِ،to faithإِنَّifكُنتُمْyou areصَادِقِينَtruthful.
And he is not a hypocrite in his inner self, concealing disbelief, nor is he truly among the believers, nor is he also among the hypocrites, and he does not belong to the people of major sins, but he performs the visible acts of obedience and does not come with the realities of faith that make him truly among the believers. Therefore, this is faith with him and he is not truly among the believers, and he will be rewarded for what he has done of the acts of obedience. And for this reason, He said the Exalted: 'But say: We have submitted.' And for this reason, He said: 'They make a favor to you that they have converted to Islam. Say: Do not make a favor on your Islam. Rather, Allah makes a favor on you that He has guided you to faith, if you are truthful.'
إِنَّIndeedكُنتُمْyou areصَادِقِينَtruthful.[الْحُجُرَاتِ][Al-Hujurat]يَعْنِيThis meansفِيinقَوْلِهِمtheir saying(آمَنَّا)(We have believed).يَقُولُ:He says:إِنَّIndeed,كُنتُمْif you wereصَادِقِينَtruthful.فَأَنَّThen Allahاللَّهَgrants favorيَمُنُّupon youعَلَيْكُمْthat He hasأَنْguided youهَدَاكُمْto faith.وَهَذَاAnd thisيَقْتَضِيimpliesأَنَّهُمْthat theyقَدْmayيَكُونُونَbe
Indeed, if you are truthful, this means in their saying 'We have believed.' He says: 'Then if you were truthful, Allah grants favor upon you that He has guided you to faith.' And this implies that they may be truthful in their saying 'We have believed,' then their truthfulness may be interpreted as describing them as those who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, then did not have doubt and strived with their wealth and their lives in the path of Allah; those are the truthful.