وَهذاَAnd thisكَخِطَابٍis like the speechأَمْثَالِهِمْof their likesمِنْfromأَهْلِthe people ofالذُّنُوبِsinsوَالْكَبَائِرِand major sinsبِخِلَافِunlikeمَنْthose who areهُوَhe isكَافِرًاa disbelieverفِيinالْبَاطِنِthe heart, فَإِنَّهُ, for heلَاdoes notيَسْتَحِقُّdeserveالثَّوَابَthe rewardبِمُجَرَّدِmerely byطَاعَةِobeyingالأَمْرِthe commandحَتَّىuntilيُؤْمِنَhe believesأَوَّلًاfirst, وَوَعِيدِهِ, and his warningلَيْسَis notعَلَىuponمُجَرَّدٍmerelyتَوَلِّيِهِhis turning awayعَنْfromالطَّاعَةِobedienceفِيinالْجِهَادِthe jihad.
And this is like the speech of their likes from the people of sins and major sins, unlike those who are disbelievers at heart, for they do not deserve the reward merely by obeying the command until they believe first, and his warning is not merely upon his turning away from obedience in jihad; for his disbelief is greater than this.
فَهَذَاSo thisكُلُّهُallيَدُلُّindicatesعَلَىthatأَنَّtheseهَؤُلاءِareمِنْfromفُسَّاقِthe sinfulالْمِلَّةِof the nationفَإِنَّforالْفُسُوقَsinfulnessيَكُونُmay beتَارَةًsometimesبِتَرْكِby abandoningالْفَرَائِضِthe obligatory acts, وَتَارَةً, and sometimesبِفِعْلِby committingالْمُحَرَّمَاتِthe forbidden things.
So this all indicates that these are from the sinful of the nation, for sinfulness may be sometimes by abandoning the obligatory acts, and sometimes by committing the forbidden things.
وَهَؤُلاءِAnd theseلَمَّاwhen theyتَرَكُواabandonedمَاwhatفَرَضَAllah has made obligatoryعَلَيْهِمْupon themمِنْfromالْجِهَادِthe jihadوَحَصَلَand there occurredعِندَهُمْwith themنَوْعٌa kindمِنْofالرَّيْبِdoubtالَّذِيwhichأَضْعَفَweakenedإِيمَانَهُمْtheir faith, لَمْ, they were notيَكُونُواbeمِنْfromالصَّادِقِينَthe truthfulالَّذِينَwhoوَصَفَهُمْwere describedوَإِنْand ifكَانُواthey wereصَادِقِينَtruthfulفِيinأَنَّهُمْthat theyفِيare inالْبَاطِنِthe heartمُتَدِينُونَfaithfulبِدِينِin the religionالإِسْلَامِof Islam.
And these, when they abandoned what Allah has made obligatory upon them from the jihad and there occurred with them a kind of doubt which weakened their faith, they were not from the truthful who were described; and if they were truthful in that they are in the heart faithful in the religion of Islam.
وَقَوْلُAnd the sayingالمُفَسِّرِينَof the interpretersلَمْdid notيَكُونُواbeمُؤْمِنِينَbelieversنَفِيٌdeniesلِمَاwhatنَفَاهُAllah has deniedعَنْهُمْfrom themمِنْofالإِيمَانِthe faithكَمَاasنَفَاهُHe deniedعَنْfromالزَّانِيthe adulterer, وَالسَّارِقِ, the thief, وَالشَّارِبِ, the drinkerوَعَنْand from those whoلَاdo notيَأْمَنُfeel secureجَارَهُhis neighborبَوَائِقَهُof his harmful acts, وَعَنْ مَنْ, and from those whoلَاdo notيُحِبُّloveلِأَخِيهِfor his brotherمِنَthe goodالْخَيْرَاتِdeedsمَاwhatيُحِبُّhe lovesلِنَفْسِهِfor himself, وَعَنْ مَنْ, and from those whoلَاdo notيُجِيبُrespondإِلَىtoحُكْمِthe judgmentاللهِof Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messenger, وَأَمْثَالِ, and similar toهَؤُلَاءِthese.
And the saying of the interpreters that they did not be believers denies what Allah has denied from them of the faith just as He denied from the adulterer, the thief, the drinker, and from those who do not feel secure from their neighbor's harmful acts, and from those who do not love for his brother the good deeds what he loves for himself, and from those who do not respond to the judgment of Allah and His Messenger, and similar to these.
وَقَدْAnd it mayيُحْتَجُّbe arguedعَلَىwithذَٰلِكَthatبِقَوْلِهِby His saying::بِئْسَEvil isالِاسْمُthe nameالْفُسُوقُof sinfulnessبَعْدَafterالْإِيمَانِfaith.كَمَاAsقَالَHe said:: «سَبَّابُ‘Curseالْمُسْلِمِthe Muslimفُسُوقٌis sinfulnessوَقَاتِلُهُand fighting himكَفْرٌis disbelief.فَذَمَّHe condemnedمَنْwhoاسْتَبْدَلَreplacedاسْمَthe nameالْفُسُوقِof sinfulnessبَعْدَafterالإِيمَانِthe faith.فَدَلَّSo it indicatesأَنَّthatالْفُسُوقَthe sinnerلَاdoes notيُسَمَّىbe calledمُؤْمِنًاa believer, فَدَلَّ, and it indicatesذَٰلِكَthatعَلَىtheseأَنَّtheseالْأَعْرَابُBedouinsمِنْare ofجِنْسِthe type ofأَهْلِthe people ofالْكَبَائِرِmajor sinsلَاand notمِنْfromجِنْسِthe type ofالْمُنَافِقِينَhypocrites..
And it may be argued with that by His saying: ‘Evil is the name of sinfulness after the faith.’ As He said: ‘Cursing the Muslim is sinfulness, and fighting him is disbelief.’ He condemned those who replaced the name of sinfulness after the faith. So it indicates that the sinner is not called a believer, and it indicates that these Bedouins are of the type of the people of major sins, and not from the type of the hypocrites.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forمَاwhatنُقِلَwas conveyedمِنْfromأَنَّهُمْthat theyأَسْلَمُواconverted to Islamخَوْفًاout of fearالْقَتْلِof killingوَالسَّبْيِand captivity, فَهَكَذَا, this is howكَانَit wasإِسْلَامُthe conversion to Islamغَيْرَof those who are notالْمُهَاجِرِينَthe emigrantsوَالْأَنْصَارِand the supporters.
And as for what was conveyed from that they converted to Islam out of fear of killing and captivity, this is how the conversion to Islam was for those who are not the emigrants and the supporters.
أَسْلَمُواThey converted to Islamرَغْبَةًout of desireوَرَهَبًاand fearكَإِسْلَامِlike the conversion to Islamالطُّلَقَاءِof the freed captivesمِنْfromقُرَيْشٍQurayshبَعْدَafterأَنْthatقَهَرَهُمْhe subdued themالنَّبِيُّthe prophetعَلَيْهِ, of Allah,وَإِسْلَامِ, and the conversion to Islamالْمُؤَلَّفَةِof those whose hearts were inclinedقُلُوبِهِمْtheir heartsمِنْfromهَؤُلَاءِtheseوَمِنْand amongأَهْلِthe people ofنَجْدٍNajd..
They converted to Islam out of desire and fear, like the conversion to Islam of the freed captives from Quraysh after he subdued them, the prophet of Allah, and the conversion to Islam of those whose hearts were inclined from these and among the people of Najd.
وَلَيْسَAnd notكُلُّeveryمَنْwhoأَسْلَمَconverted to Islamلِرَغْبَةٍout of desireأوorرَهَبٍfearكَانَwasمِنَfromالْمُنَافِقِينَthe hypocritesالَّذِينَwho areهُمْinالدَّرَكَthe lowestالْأَسْفَلِlevelمِنَofالنَّارِthe fire, بَلْ, butيَدْخُلُونَthey enterفِيintoالإِسْلَامِIslamوَالطَّاعَةِand obedienceوَلَيْسَand notفِيinقُلُوبِهِمْtheir heartsتَكذِيبٌdisbeliefوَمُعَادَاةٌand enmityلِلرَّسُولِagainst the Messengerوَلَاnorاسْتُنِيرَتْhave their hearts illuminatedقُلُوبُهُمْtheir heartsبِنُورِby the lightالإِيمَانِof faithوَلَاand notاسْتَبْصَرُواare they discerningفِيin itوَهَؤُلَاءِand theseقَدْmayيُحْسِنُواhave goodإِسْلَامًاIslamأَحَدُهُمْone of themفَيَصِيرُواand becomeمِنَofالمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersكَأَكْثَرِlike mostالطُّلَقَاءِof the freed captivesوَقَدْand mayيَبْقَىremainمِنَofفُسَّاقِthe sinfulالْمِلَّةِof the nation, وَمِنْهُمْ, and among themمُنَافِقًاa hypocriteمُرْتَابًاdoubtfulإِذَاifقَالَhe saidلَهُto himمُنْكَرٌthe denierوَنَكِيرٌand Nakir.مَاWhatتَقُولُdo you sayفِيaboutهَذَاthisالرَّجُلِmanالَّذِيwhoبُعِثَwas sentإِلَيْكُمْto you, فَيَقُولُ, So he says:: هَاهَ‘Ha, Ha:: لَاnotأَدْرِيI knowسَمِعْتُI heardالنَّاسَthe peopleيَقُولُونَsayingشَيْئًاsomethingفَقُلْتُهُso I said it.)).
And not everyone who converted to Islam out of desire or fear was from the hypocrites who are in the lowest level of the fire, but they enter into Islam and obedience, and not in their hearts is disbelief and enmity against the Messenger, nor have their hearts been illuminated by the light of faith nor are they discerning in it. And these may have good Islam and become of the believers like most of the freed captives, and may remain of the sinful of the nation, and among them is a hypocrite doubtful; if he is asked by the denier and Nakir, ‘What do you say about this man who was sent to you?’ he says: ‘Ha, Ha; I do not know; I heard the people saying something, so I said it.’