وَالمَعْرِفَةُAnd the knowledgeالتَّامَّةُcompleteفَإنَّforذَٰلِكَthatيَسْتَلْزِمُnecessitatesالْعَمَلَthe workبِمَوْجِبِهِaccording to itلَاnoمُحَالَةًinevitablyوَلِهَذَاand for thisصارَit becameيُقالُsaidلِمَنْto whomلَمْdid notيَعْمَلْworkبِعَمَلِهِby his workإنَّهُthat heجاهِلٌis ignorantكَمَاasتَقَدَّمَتْpreviously.
And complete knowledge necessarily requires working accordingly. For this reason, it has become said about the one who does not work by his knowledge: that he is ignorant, as mentioned earlier.
وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd likewiseلَفْظُthe termالعَقْلُof reasonوَإنْand althoughكَانَit wasهُوَheفِيinالأَصْلِthe originمَصْدَرٌa sourceعَقْلٍof reasonيَعْقِلُhe understandsعَقْلًاunderstanding,وَكَثِيرٌand manyمِنَofالنُّظَّارِthe observersجَعَلَهُmade itمِنَofجِنْسِthe kindالْعُلُومِof sciencesفَلَاso there is noبِدٌّwayأَنْbutيُعْتَبَرَbe consideredمَعَwithذَٰلِكَthatإنَّهُit isعِلْمٌa knowledgeيَعْمَلُactsبِمَوْجِبِهِaccording to itفَلَاso it does notيُسَمَّىbe calledعَاقِلًاreasoningإِلَّاexceptمِنْfor whomعَرَفَhe knowsالْخَيْرَthe goodفَطَلَبَهُso he seeks itوَالشَّرَّand the evilفَتَرَكَةُso he leaves it.
Similarly, the term 'reason', although originally a source of understanding, is made by many observers to be a kind of science. It must be considered that it is a knowledge that is acted upon; one is not called a reasoner unless he knows the good and seeks it and the evil and avoids it.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonقَالَsaidأَصْحَابُthe companionsالنَّارِof the FireلَوْIfكُنَّاwe wereنَسْمَعُto hearأَوْorنَعْقِلُto understandمَاwhatكُنَّاwe wereفِيinأَصْحَابِthe companions ofالسَّعِيرِthe blazing.
And for this reason, the companions of the Fire said: 'If we had only heard or understood what we were among the companions of the blazing fire.'
وَقَالَAnd he saidعَنْaboutالْمُنَافِقِينَthe hypocritesتَحْسَبُهُمْYou think themجَمِيعًاall togetherوَandقُلُوبُهُمْtheir heartsشَتَّىdiverseذَٰلِكَthat isبِأَنَّهُمْbecause they areقَوْمٌa peopleلَاnotيَعْقِلُونَunderstand.
And he said regarding the hypocrites: 'You think them all together while their hearts are diverse; that is because they are a people who do not understand.'
وَمَنAnd whoeverفَعَلَactsمَاwhatيَعْلَمُhe knowsأَنَّهُthat itيَضُرُّهُharms himفَمَثَلُthen likeهَذَاthisمَا لَهُhas noعَقْلٌreasonفَكَمَاJust asأَنَّthatالْخَوْفَfearingمِنَofاللَّهِAllahيَسْتَلْزِمُnecessitatesالْعِلْمَknowledgeبِهِof Himفَالْعِلْمُso knowledgeبِهِof Himيَسْتَلْزِمُnecessitatesخَشْيَتَهُfearing Himوَخَشْيَتُهُand fearing Himتَسْتَلْزِمُnecessitatesطَاعَتَهُobeying Him.فَالْخَائِفُSo the fearfulمِنَofاللَّهِAllahمُمْتَثِلٌis obedientلِأَوَامِرِهِto His commandsمَجْتَنِبٌand avoidsلِنَوَاهِيهِHis prohibitions.
And whoever acts in a way that he knows harms him, then such a person has no reason. Just as fear of Allah necessitates knowledge of Him, knowledge of Him necessitates fearing Him, and fearing Him necessitates obeying Him. So, the one who fears Allah is obedient to His commands and avoids His prohibitions.
وَهَذَاAnd thisهُوَisالَّذِيthat whichقَصَدْنَاwe intendedبَيَانَهُto clarifyأَوَّلًاfirst.وَيَدُلُّAnd it indicatesعَلَىuponذَٰلِكَthat alsoقَوْلُthe sayingتَعَالَىof the Most HighفَاذْكُرْSo rememberإنifنَّفَعَتِit benefitsالذِّكْرَىthe reminderسَيَذَّكَّرُwill rememberمَنwhoيَخْشَىfearsوَيَتَجَنَّبُهَاand avoids itالْأَشْقَىthe most miserableالَّذِيwhoيَصْلَىwill enterالنَّارَthe Fireالْكُبْرَىthe great.
And this is what we intended to clarify first. It also indicates the saying of the Most High: 'So remember if the reminder benefits; the one who fears will remember and the most miserable one will enter the great Fire.'
فَأَخْبَرَSo it informedأَنَّthatمَنwhoeverيَخْشَاهُfears Himيَتَذَكَّرُwill rememberوَالذِّكْرُand the remembranceهُناhereمُسْتَلْزِمٌis necessitatingلِعِبَادَتِهِfor His worship.قَالَHe saidاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Most HighهُوَHe isالَّذِيthe One whoيُرِيكُمshows youءَايَاتِهِHis signsوَيُنَزِّلُand sends downلَكُمto youمِّنَfromالسَّمَاءِthe skyرِزْقًاa sustenanceوَمَاand whatيَتَذَكَّرُremembersإِلَّاexceptمَنwhoيُنِيبُreturns.
So it informed that whoever fears Him will remember; and the remembrance here is necessitating worship of Him. Allah, the Most High, said: 'He is the One who shows you His signs and sends down to you from the sky a sustenance; and none remembers except those who return (to Him).'
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَبْصِرَةًa sightوَذِكْرَىand a reminderلِكُلِّfor everyعَبْدٍslaveمُنِيبٍwho returns.
And He said: 'A sight and reminder for every returning servant.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisقَالُواthey saidفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingسَيَذَّكَّرُwill rememberمَنwhoيَخْشَىfears.تَعَظَّرُwill be admonished by the Qur'anبِالْقُرْآنِby the Qur'anمِنْwhoيَخْشَىfears Allah.وَفِيAnd inقَوْلِهِHis sayingوَمَاand whatيَتَذَكَّرُremembersإِلَّاexceptمَنwhoيُنيبُreturns to obedience.
And for this reason they said in His saying: 'Will remember who fears'; will be admonished by the Qur'an whoever fears Allah. And in His saying: 'And what remembers except those who return to obedience' it is only those who return to obedience who truly heed.
وَهَذَاAnd thisلِأَنَّbecauseالتَّذَكُّرُthe remembranceالتَّامُّis completeيَسْتَلْزِمُnecessitatesالْعَمَلَactionبِمَاwith whatيَتَذَكَّرُهُhe remembers.فَإنَّFor ifتَذَكَّرَhe remembersمَحْبُوبًاsomething beloved,طَلَبَهُhe seeks it,وَإِنand ifتَذَكَّرَhe remembersمَرْهُوبًاsomething feared,هَرَبَ مِنْهُhe flees from it.وَمِنْهَاAnd from thisقَوْلُهُis the sayingتَعَالَىof the Most HighوَسَوَاءٌAnd it is equalعَلَيْهِمto themوَأَنْذَرْتَهُمْwhether you warn themأَمْorلَمْdid notتُنذِرْهُمْwarn themلَاthey will notيُؤْمِنُونَbelieve.
And this is because complete remembrance necessitates action based on what he remembers. For if he remembers something beloved, he seeks it, and if he remembers something feared, he flees from it. And from this is the saying of the Most High: 'And it is equal to them whether you warn them or do not warn them; they will not believe.'
وَقَالَAnd He saidسُبْحَانَهُExalted be HeإنَّمَاIndeedتُنذِرُyou warnمَنwhoاتَّبَعَfollowsالذِّكْرَthe reminderوَخَشِيَand fearsالرَّحْمَنَthe Most Mercifulبِالْغَيْبِin the unseen.
And He, Exalted be He, said: 'Indeed, you warn only those who follow the reminder and fear the Most Merciful in the unseen.'
فَنَفَىSo He negatedالْإِنْذَارَthe warningعَنْfromغَيْرِothersهَؤلاءِthan theseمَعَwithقَوْلِهِthe sayingوَسَوَاءٌand it is equalعَلَيْهِمto themوَأَنْذَرْتَهُمْwhether you warn themأَمْorلَمْdid notتُنذِرْهُمْwarn them
So He negated the warning from others than these, with His saying: 'And it is equal to them whether you warn them or do not warn them.'