وَرَسُولِهِ،and His Messenger,فَإِنَّهُfor heيَتَنَاوَلُaddressesفِعْلَthe actالْوَاجِبَاتِof obligationsوَتَرْكِand leavingالْمُحَرَّمَاتِ.the prohibited.وَمَنAnd whoeverنَفَىَdeniesاللَّهَAllahوَرَسُولَهُand His Messengerعَنْهُof himالْإِيمَانَ،the faith,فَلَاtherefore notبُدَّmustأَنْthatيَكُونَhe isقَدْhasتَرَكَleftوَاجِبًاan obligationأوorفَعَلَcommittedمُحَرَّمًا،a prohibition,فَلَاtherefore notيَدْخُلُentersفِيintoالِاسْمِthe nameالَّذِيthat whichيَسْتَحِقُّdeservesأَهْلَهُits peopleالْوَعْدَthe promiseدُونَwithoutالْوَعِيدِ،the threat;بَلْratherيَكُونُhe isمِنْamongأَهْلِthe peopleالْوَعِيدِ.of the threat.
And His Messenger, for he addresses the act of obligations and leaving the prohibited. And whoever denies Allah and His Messenger of him the faith, he must have left an obligation or committed a prohibition; therefore, he is not among those whose name deserves the promise without the threat, but rather he is among the people of the threat.
وَكَذَلِكَAnd likewiseقَوْلُهُHis sayingتَعَالَىٰ:the Most High:حَبَّبَHe made belovedإِلَيْكُمْto youالإِيمَانَthe faithوَزَيَّنَهُand adorned itفِيinقُلُوبِكُمْyour heartsوَكَرِهَand He dislikedإِلَيْكُمْto youالْكُفْرَthe disbeliefوَالفُسُوقَand the disobedienceوَالْعِصْيَانَand the rebellionأَوَلَـٰئِكَAre thoseهُمُtheyالرَّاشِدُونَ)the rightly guided.[الْحُجُرَاتِ(Al-Hujurat::٧).7).
And likewise His saying, the Most High: "He made beloved to you the faith and adorned it in your hearts, and He disliked for you disbelief and disobedience and rebellion. Are those the rightly guided?" (Al-Hujurat: 7).
قَالَSaidمُحَمَّدٌMuhammadبْنِbinنَصْرٍNasrالمَرُّوزِيُّAl-MarwaziلَمَّاWhenكَانَتْthey wereالْمَعَاصِيthe sinsبَعْضُهَاsome of itكُفْرًا،disbelief,وَبَعْضُهَاand some of itلَيْسَis notبِكُفْرٍdisbeliefفَرَّقَhe differentiatedبَيْنَهَاbetween themفَجَعَلَهَاand made itثَلاَثَةَthreeأَنْوَاعٍ:types:نَوْعٌOne typeمِنْهَاof itكُفْرٌdisbeliefوَنَوْعٌand another typeمِنْهَاof itفُسُوقٌis disobedienceوَلَيْسَand is notبِكُفْرٍ،disbelief,وَنَوْعٌand one typeعُصْيَانٌis rebellionوَلَيْسَis notبِكُفْرٍdisbeliefوَلَاnorفُسُوقٌdisobedienceوَأَخْبَرَand he reportedأَنَّهُthat itكَرِهَهَاhe disliked themكُلَّهَاallإِلَىtoالْمُؤْمِنِينَ،the believers,وَلَمَّاand whenكَانَتْwereالطَّاعَاتُthe acts of obedienceكُلُّهَاallدَاخِلَةًincludedفِيinالإِيمَانِ،the faith,وَلَيْسَand is notفِيهَاin themشَيْءٌanythingخَارِجَةًoutsideعَنْهُof itلَمْhe did notيَفَرِّقْdifferentiateبَيْنَهَاbetween themفَيَقُولُ:by sayingحَبَّبَmade belovedإِلَيْكُمُto youالإِيمَانَthe faithوَالْفَرَائِضَand the obligationsوَسَائِرَand allالطَّاعَاتِ،the acts of obedience,بَلْratherأَجْمَلَhe summarizedذَٰلِكَthatفَقَالَ:he said:حَبَّبَHe made belovedإِلَيْكُمْto youالْإِيمَانَ.the faith.فَدَخَلَTherefore, it enteredفِيintoذَٰلِكَthatجَمِيعَallالطَّاعَاتِthe acts of obedienceلِأَنَّهُbecauseقَدْindeedحَبَّبَmade belovedإِلَىtoالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersالصَّلاَةَthe prayerوَالزَّكَاةَ،and the alms,وَسَائِرَand allالطَّاعَاتِthe acts of obedienceحُبٌّloveتَدِينٌ،in religion,لِأَنَّbecauseاللَّهَAllahأَخْبَرَ:informed:أَنَّهُthat Heحَبَّبَmade belovedذَٰلِكَthatإِلَيْهِمto themوَزَيَّنَهُand adorned itفِيinقُلُوبِهِمtheir heartsلِقَوْلِهِ:for His saying:حَبَّبَHe made belovedإِلَيْكُمُto youالْإِيمَانَ).the faith.
Muhammad bin Nasr Al-Marwazi said: When the sins are some disbelief, and some are not disbelief, he differentiated between them and made them three types: One type is disbelief, and another type is disobedience but not disbelief, and a type of rebellion which is neither disbelief nor disobedience. He reported that he disliked all of them to the believers, and when all acts of obedience are included in the faith, and there is nothing outside of it, he did not differentiate between them by saying: "He made beloved to you the faith and the obligations and all acts of obedience," but he summarized that, saying: "He made beloved to you the faith." Therefore, it entered into that all acts of obedience, because He indeed made beloved to the believers the prayer and the alms, and all acts of obedience are beloved in religion, because Allah informed that He made that beloved to them and adorned it in their hearts for His saying: "He made beloved to you the faith."
وَيَكْرَهُونَAnd they dislikeجَمِيعَallالمَعَاصِي،the sins,الْكُفْرَdisbeliefمِنْهَاof itوَالْفُسُوقَand disobedienceوَسَائِرَand allالمَعَاصِيthe sinsكَرَاهَةًdislikeفِيinالدِّينِ،religion,لِأَنَّbecauseاللَّهَAllahأَخْبَرَinformedأَنَّهُthat Heكَرِهَdislikedذَٰلِكَthatإِلَيْهِم.to them. وَمِنْAnd fromذَٰلِكَthatقَوْلُsayingرَسُولِ اللَّهِof the Messenger of Allahصلى الله عليه وسلم:: صلى الله عليه وسلم«مَنْ"Whoeverسَرَّتْهُis pleased byحَسَنَاتُهُ،his good deeds,وَسَاءَتْهُand is saddened byسَيِّئَاتُهُ،his bad deeds,فَهُوَhe isمُؤْمِنٌ»a believer".(۱)(1)لِأَنَّbecauseاللَّهَAllahحَبَّبَmade belovedإِلَىtoالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersالْحَسَنَاتِthe good deedsوَكَرِهَand dislikedإِلَيْهِمto themالسَّيِّئَاتِ.the bad deeds.
And they dislike all the sins, including disbelief and disobedience and all sins a dislike in religion, because Allah informed that He disliked that to them. And from that is the saying of the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم: "Whoever is pleased by his good deeds, and is saddened by his bad deeds, he is a believer." (1) Because Allah made beloved to the believers the good deeds and disliked the bad deeds to them.
قُلْتُ:I said:وَتَكْرِيهُهُAnd His dislikeجَمِيعَallالمَعَاصِيthe sinsإِلَيْهِم،to them,يَسْتَلْزِمُrequiresحُبَّthe loveجَمِيعَof allالطَّاعَاتِ،the acts of obedience,لِأَنَّbecauseتَرْكَleavingالطَّاعَاتِthe acts of obedienceمَعْصِيَةٌ،is a sin,وَلِأَنَّهُand becauseلَاthere is notيَتْرُكُone leavesالمَعَاصِيthe sinsكُلَّهَاallإِنْifلَمْnotيَتَلَبَّسْhe wearsبِضِدِّهَا،with its opposite,فَيَكُونُhe becomesمُحِبًّاbelovedلِلطَّاعَةِ،of obedience,إِذْsinceالْقَلْبَthe heartلَاdoes notبُدَّbutلَهُfor himمِنْofإِرَادَةٍ،will,فَإِذَاifكَانَhe wasيَكْرَهُdislikesالشَّرَّevilكُلَّهُ،all,فَلَاtherefore notبُدَّbutأَنْthatيُرِيدَhe wantsالْخَيْرَ،the good,وَالْمُبَاحَاتِand what is permissibleبِالنِّيَّةِwith intentionالحَسَنَةِthe good,يَكُونُit becomesخَيْرًاgoodوَبِالنِّيَّةِand with intentionالسَّيِّئَةِthe bad,يَكُونُit becomesشَرًّا.evil.
I said: And His dislike for all the sins to them requires love for all the acts of obedience, because leaving the acts of obedience is a sin, and because one does not leave all the sins if he does not wear with its opposite; therefore, he becomes a lover of obedience, since the heart cannot but have a will. If he dislikes all evil, then he must want good, and what is permissible with the good intention becomes good, and with the bad intention becomes evil.
لِضِدِّهَاto its oppositeوَهُوَand it is(۱)(1)رَوَاهُNarratedالْحَاكِمُAl-Hakimوَغَيْرُهُand othersوَهُوَand it isحَدِيثٌa الحديثصَحِيحٌcorrectمِنْfromحَدِيثِthe حديثأَبِيAbuمُوسَى،Musa,اُنظُرْseeصَحِيحٌcorrectالْجَامِعَthe جامعالصَّغِيرِpetit٦٢٩٤،6294,وَشَرْحِand in the explanationالْعَقِيدَةِof the creedالطَّحَاويةِof Al-Tahawiya٥٢١،521,وَسِلْسِلَةِand in the seriesالْأَحَادِيثِthe حديثالصَّحِيحَةِthe صحيح٥٥٠،550,طُبِعَتْprintedبِالْمَكْتَبَةِby the officeالإِسْلَامِيَّةِ.Islamic.
To its opposite. And it is (1) narrated by Al-Hakim and others, and it is a correct حديث from the حديث of Abu Musa, see the correct جامع الصغير 6294, and the شرح of the عقيدة الطحاوية 521, and the سلسلة of the الأحاديث الصحيحة 550, printed by the Islamic office.