قَدْIndeedبِالْحَقِّ:with the truth:أَحَقُّmore deservingبِاسْمِof the nameالضَّلَالِ.of misguidance.
Indeed, with the truth: more deserving of the name of misguidance.
وَمِنْAnd fromهُنَاhereوُصِفَتْwas describedالنَّصَارَىthe Christiansبِهِwith itفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَى :the Most High:
And from here, the Christians were described with it in His saying, the Most High:
قُلْSayيَاOأَهْلَpeople ofالْكِتَابِthe Bookلَاdo notتَغْلُواexceed limitsفِيinدِينِكُمْyour religionغَيْرَother thanالْحَقِّ،the truth,وَلَاand do notتَتَّبِعُواfollowأَهْوَاءَdesires
Say, O people of the Book, do not exceed limits in your religion other than the truth, and do not follow desires.
صَلَّواwho prayedمِنْfromقَبْلُbeforeوَأَضَلُّواand misledكَثِيرًا،many,وَضَلُّواand went astrayعَنْfromسَوَاءِthe straightالسَّبِيلِpath.
who prayed from before and misled many, and went astray from the straight path.
فَالأُولَىSo the first::فِيinسِيَاقِthe contextالْخِطَابِof addressingمَعَwithالْيَهُودِthe Jewsوَالثَّانِيَةُ:and the second:فِيinسِيَاقِهَاits contextمَعَwithالنَّصَارَى.the Christians.
So the first is in the context of addressing the Jews, and the second is in its context with the Christians.
وَفِيAnd inالتِّرْمِذِيِّAl-Tirmidhiوَصَحِيحِand the authenticابْنِ حِبَّانَIbn Hibbanمِنْfromحَدِيثِthe hadithعَدِيِّof AdiبْنِbinحَاتِمٍHatemقَالَ :he said:
And in Al-Tirmidhi and the authentic Ibn Hibban from the hadith of Adi bin Hatem, he said:
قَالَsaidرَسُولُthe Messengerاللَّهِof Allahصَلَّىmay Allahاللَّهُblessعَلَيْهِhimوَسَلَّمَand grant him peace:الْيَهُودُ"The Jewsمَغْضُوبٌare those upon whom is wrathعَلَيْهِمْ.inflicted."
The Messenger of Allah may Allah bless him and grant him peace said: "The Jews are those upon whom is wrath inflicted."
وَالنَّصَارَىAnd the Christiansضَالُونَ».are misguided."
And the Christians are misguided."
فِيInذِكْرِmentioningالْمُنْعَمِthe favoredعَلَيْهِمْupon themوَهُمْand they areمَنْthose whoعَرَفَknewالْحَقَّthe truthوَاتَّبَعَهُand followed itوَالْمَغْضُوبِand the angeredعَلَيْهِمْupon themوَهُمْand they areمَنْthose whoعَرَفَهُknew itوَاتَّبَعَand followedهَوَاهُtheir desiresوَالضَّالِّينَand the misguidedوَهُمْand they areمَنْthose whoجَهِلَهُwere ignorant of it:
In mentioning the favored upon them - and they are those who knew the truth and followed it - and the angered upon them - and they are those who knew it and followed their desires - and the misguided - and they are those who were ignorant of it:
مَاwhatيَسْتَلْزِمُnecessitatesثُبُوتَthe establishmentالرِّسَالَةِof the messageوَالنُّبُوَّةِand prophethood::لِأَنَّbecauseانْقِسَامَthe divisionالنَّاسِof peopleإِلَىintoذَلِكَthatهُوَisالْوَاقِعُthe realityالْمَشْهُودُ.witnessed.
what necessitates the establishment of the message and prophethood: because the division of people into that is the witnessed reality.
وَهَذِهِAnd thisالْقِسْمَةُdivisionإِنَّمَاis onlyأَوْجَبَهَاnecessitated byثُبُوتُthe establishmentالرِّسَالَةِ.of the message.
And this division is only necessitated by the establishment of the message.
وَأَضَافَAnd He attributedالنِّعْمَةَthe blessingإِلَيْهِto Himselfوَحَذَفَand omittedفَاعِلَthe doerالْغَضَبِof angerلِوُجُوهٍ.for reasons.
And He attributed the blessing to Himself and omitted the doer of anger for reasons.
الْوَجْهُThe firstالْأَوَّلُreasonمِنْهَاamong themأَنَّis thatالنِّعْمَةَthe blessingهِيَisالْخَيْرُgoodوَالْفَضْلُand graceوَالْغَضَبُwhile angerمِنْis fromبَابِthe realm ofالِانْتِقَامِrevengeوَالْعَدْلِ.and justice.
The first reason among them is that the blessing is good and grace, while anger is from the realm of revenge and justice.
وَالرَّحْمَةُAnd mercyتَغْلِبُovercomesالْغَضَبَ،anger,
And mercy overcomes anger,
فَأَضَافَso He attributedإِلَىtoنَفْسِهِHimselfأَكْمَلَthe more completeالْأَمْرَيْنِ،of the two matters,
so He attributed to Himself the more complete of the two matters,
وَأَسْبَقَهُمَاand the preceding oneوَأَقْوَاهُمَا.and the stronger one.
and the preceding one and the stronger one.
وَهَذِهِAnd thisطَرِيقَةُis the methodالْقُرْآنِof the Quranفِيinإِسْنَادِascribingالْخَيْرَاتِgood thingsوَالنِّعَمِand blessingsإِلَيْهِ.to Him.
And this is the method of the Quran in ascribing good things and blessings to Him.
وَحَذْفُAnd the omissionالْفَاعِلِof the doerفِيinمُقَابَلَتِهَا،its counterpart,
And the omission of the doer in its counterpart,
كَقَوْلِis like the saying ofمُؤْمِنِيthe believersالْجِنِّamong the jinn:وَأَنَا"And weلَاdo notنَدْرِيknowأَشَرًّاwhether evilأُرِيدَwas intendedبِمَنْfor thoseفِيonالْأَرْضِearthأَمْorأَرَادَintendedبِهِمْfor themرَبُّهُمْtheir Lordرَشَدًا؟"guidance?"
is like the saying of the believers among the jinn: "And we do not know whether evil was intended for those on earth, or whether their Lord intended for them guidance?"
وَمِنْهَاAnd among themقَوْلُis the saying ofالْخَضِرِAl-Khidrفِيregardingشَأْنِthe matter ofالْجِدَارِthe wallوَالْيَتِيمَيْنِand the two orphans:فَأَرَادَ"So your Lord intendedرَبُّكَyour Lordأَنْtoيَبْلُغَاreachأَشُدَّهُمَاtheir maturity"
And among them is the saying of Al-Khidr regarding the matter of the wall and the two orphans: "So your Lord intended that they reach their maturity"
وَيَسْتَخْرِجَاand extractكَنْزَهُمَا.their treasure.
and extract their treasure.
وَقَالَAnd he saidفِيregardingخَرْقِpuncturingالسَّفِينَةِthe ship:فَأَرَدْتُ"So I intendedأَنْtoأَعِيبَهَاdamage it."
And he said regarding puncturing the ship: "So I intended to damage it."
ثُمَّThenقَالَhe saidبَعْدَafterذَلِكَthat:وَمَا"And whateverفَعَلْتُهُI didعَنْofأَمْرِي.my own accord."
Then he said after that: "And whatever I did was not of my own accord."
وَتَأَمَّلْAnd ponderقَوْلَهُHis sayingتَعَالَىthe Most High:أُحِلَّتْ"Made lawfulلَكُمْfor youلَيْلَةَon the night ofالصِّيَامِfastingالرَّفَثُis sexual approachإِلَىtoنِسَائِكُمْyour wives."
And ponder His saying, the Most High: "Made lawful for you on the night of fasting is sexual approach to your wives."
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying:حُرِّمَتْ"Prohibitedعَلَيْكُمُto youالْمَيْتَةُis the dead animalوَالدَّمُand bloodوَلَحْمُand the flesh ofالْخِنْزِيرِswine."
And His saying: "Prohibited to you is the dead animal and blood and the flesh of swine."
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying:حُرِّمَتْ"Prohibitedعَلَيْكُمْto youأُمَّهَاتُكُمْare your mothers."
And His saying: "Prohibited to you are your mothers."
ثُمَّThenقَالَHe said:وَأُحِلَّ"And made lawfulلَكُمْfor youمَاis what isوَرَاءَbeyondذَلِكَ.that."
Then He said: "And made lawful for you is what is beyond that."