مُطَابِقَةٌcorrespondenceتَضْمِينٌinclusionتَرُومُdesire(دَلَالَةٌ(the indicationاسْمٌnameالْجَلَالَةُthe majestyعَلَىonالْأَسْمَاءِthe namesوَالْصِّفَاتِ)and attributes)
(The indication of the name of majesty on the names and attributes)
إِذَاIfتَقَرَّرَit is establishedهَذَانِthese twoالأَصْلَانِprinciplesفَاسْمٌthen the name«اللَّهُ»"Allah"دَالٌّindicatesعَلَىonجَمِيعِallالْأَسْمَاءِthe namesالْحُسْنَى.the beautiful names.
If these two principles are established, then the name "Allah" indicates all the beautiful names.
وَالْصِّفَاتُAnd the attributesالعُلْيَاthe supremeبِالدَّلَالَاتِby the indicationsالثَّلاثِ.the three.
And the supreme attributes are indicated by the three indications.
فَإِنَّهُIndeed, itدَالٌّindicatesعَلَىonإِلَهِيَّتِهِHis divinityالْمُتَضَمِّنَةِwhich includesلِثُبُوتِthe establishmentصِفَاتِof the attributesالإِلَهِيَّةِof divinityلَهُ،for Him,مَعَwithنَفْيِthe denialأَضْدَادِهَاof its oppositesعَنْهُ.from Him.
Indeed, it indicates His divinity which includes the establishment of the divine attributes for Him, along with the denial of their opposites from Him.
وَصِفَاتُAnd the attributesالإِلَهِيَّةُof divinity(١)(1):هِيَthey areصِفَاتٌthe attributesالْكَمَالِof perfectionالْمُنَزَّهَةُthe exaltedعَنْfromالتَّشْبِيهِsimilarityوَالْمَثَالِ،and likeness,وَعَنْand fromالْعُيُوبِthe defectsوَالنَّقَائِصِ.and shortcomings.
And the attributes of divinity (1): they are the attributes of perfection, exalted from similarity and likeness, and from defects and shortcomings.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonيُضِيفُHe addsاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Exaltedسَائِرَallالأَسْمَاءِthe namesالْحُسْنَىthe beautiful namesإِلَىtoهَذَاthisالإِسْمِgreat name,الْعَظِيمِ،the mighty,كَقَوْلِهِlike His sayingتَعَالَى:the Exalted:﴿﴿وَاللَّهُAnd Allahالأَسْمَاءُthe namesالْحُسْنَى)the beautiful names)
And for this reason Allah the Exalted adds all the beautiful names to this mighty name, like His saying: "And Allah is the best of names."
وَيُقَالُAnd it is said«الرَّحْمَانُ"the Most Graciousوَالرَّحِيمُ،and the Most Merciful,وَالْقُدُّوسُand the Most Holy,وَالسَّلاَمُand peace,وَالْعَزِيزُand the Mighty,وَالحَكِيمُand the Wiseمِنْofأَسْمَاءِthe namesاللَّهِ،of Allah,وَلَاand notيُقَالُit is said:اللَّهُ"Allah"مِنْofأَسْمَاءِthe names(الرَّحْمَانِ(the Most Gracious(وَلَا(norمِنْofأَسْمَاءِthe names«الْعَزِيزِ»"the Mighty"وَنَحْوَ ذَٰلِكَ.and so forth.
And it is said, "the Most Gracious, and the Most Merciful, and the Most Holy, and peace, and the Mighty, and the Wise" are names of Allah, and it is not said: "Allah" is of the names of "the Most Gracious" nor of the names of "the Mighty" and so forth.
فَعُلِمَThus it is knownأَنَّthatاسْمَهُHis name«اللَّهُ»"Allah"مُسْتَلْزِمٌis inclusiveلِجَمِيعِof allمَعَانِيthe meaningsالأَسْمَاءِof the namesالْحُسْنَى،the beautiful names,دَالٌّindicatingعَلَيْهَاthereofبِالإِجْمَالِin generalوَالأَسْمَاءُand the namesالْحُسْنَىthe beautiful namesتَفْصِيلٌare a detailوَتَبْيِينٌand clarificationلِصِفَاتِof the attributesالإِلَهِيَّةِ،of divinity,الَّتِيthatاِشْتُقَّ مِنْهَاderived from itاسْمٌthe name«اللَّهُ»"Allah"
Thus it is known that His name "Allah" is inclusive of all the meanings of the beautiful names, indicating thereof in general, and the beautiful names are a detail and clarification of the divine attributes that derived from the name "Allah."
وَاسْمُAnd the name«اللَّهُ»"Allah"دَالٌّis indicativeعَلَىofكَوْنِهِHis beingمَأْلُوهًاworshiped,تَأَلَّهَهُworshiped byالْخَلَائِقِthe creaturesمَحَبَّةًout of loveوَتَعْظِيمًاand venerationوَخُضُوعًا،and submission,وَفَزَعًاand turning for helpإِلَيْهِto Himفِيinالْحَوَائِجِthe needsوَالنَّوَائِبِ.and calamities.
And the name "Allah" is indicative of His being worshiped, worshiped by the creatures out of love, veneration, and submission, and turning for help to Him in needs and calamities.
وَذَٰلِكَAnd thatمُسْتَلْزِمٌis inclusiveلِكَمَالِof the perfectionرُبُوبِيَّتِهِof His lordship(١)(1)يُرِيدُmeans--رَحْمَنَاmay He have mercy on usاللَّهُAllahوَإِيَّاهُand him.صِفَاتُThe attributesالرَّبِّof the Lordالَّتِيthatاسْتَحَقَّ بِهَاHe deserved to beأَنْthatيَكُونَHe beهُوَHeالإِلَٰهَthe Godوَحْدَهُaloneلَاnoشَرِيكَpartnerلَهُ.to Him.
And that is inclusive of the perfection of His lordship (1) means - may Allah have mercy on us and him. The attributes of the Lord that He deserved to be the God alone without any partner to Him.
وَإِلَّاOtherwise,فَالأَلْهَةُthen the false godsالْبَاطِلَةُare manyكَثِيرَةٌand numerousلَاnotتُحْصَى،counted,بِمَاby whatاتَّخَذَthe people have takenالنَّاسُthe peopleبِجَهْلِهِمout of their ignoranceوَضَلَالِهِمand misguidanceوَتَسْوِيلِand temptingالشَّيَاطِينِthe devilلَهُمْ،for them,وَمَاand whatزُيِّنَ لَهُمْhas been adorned for themفِيinالْأَرْضِthe earthوَأَغْوَاهُمْand seduced themفَاتَّخَذُواand they tookمِن دُونِbesidesاللَّهِAllahأَوْلِيَاءَothers as allies
Otherwise, the false gods are many and numerous, uncounted, by what the people have taken out of their ignorance and misguidance and tempting of the devil for them, and what has been adorned for them in the earth and seduced them, so they took others besides Allah as allies.
مِنfromذُلِّthe humiliationالْقُلُوبِof the heartsوَحُبِّهَا،and their love,وَتَعْظِيمِهَاand their venerationوَتَقْدِيسِهَا،and their sanctification,وَاللُّجَأِand turning for helpإِلَيْهِم،to them,وَدُعَائِهِم،and invoking them,وَتَقْرِيبِهِمand bringing closer to themالْقُرُوبَانِ،the sacrifices,وَإِقَامَتِهِمand establishing for themالشَّعَائِرَthe ritesلَهُمْfor themمَاwhatهُوَisمِنْofخَصَائِصِthe characteristicsالإِلَهِيَّةِof divinityالَّتِيthatلَاnotتَلِيقُbefittingإِلَّاexceptلِرَبِّfor the Lordالْعَالَمِينَof the worldsسُبْحَانَهُthe Gloriousوَتَعَالَى.and Exalted.
from the humiliation of the hearts and their love, and their veneration and their sanctification, and turning for help to them, and invoking them, and bringing closer to them the sacrifices, and establishing for them the rites for them, what is of the characteristics of divinity that is not befitting except for the Lord of the worlds, glorified and exalted.
فَإِنَّهُمْIndeed, theyمَاhave notأَلَّهُواworshipedأَوْلِيَاءَthe alliesهُمْexceptهَذَاfor thisالتَّأْلِيهِworshipingإِلَّاexceptحِينَwhenدَانُواthey submittedبِمَاto whatأَوْحَىwas inspiredإِلَيْهِمto themالشَّيَاطِينُthe devilمِنْthatأَنَّindeedفِيهِمthere is in themشَيْئًاa thingمِنْofاللَّهِ.Allah.
Indeed, they have not worshiped the allies except for this worshiping, except when they submitted to what the devil inspired to them that indeed there is in them a thing of Allah.
نُورًاA lightانْبَثَقَemanatedمِنَfromالرَّبِّthe Lordوَفَاضَand overflowedمِنْهُ،from Him,فَكَانَتْso they hadلَهُمْfor themمِنْfromذَٰلِكَthat lightالنُّورِthe lightوَالسِّرِّand the secretخَصَائِصُcharacteristicsالرَّبِّof the Lordوَأَسْمَائِهِand His namesوَصِفَاتٍ،and attributes,مِنْofالْحَيَاةِlifeالدَّائِمَةِeternalوَالْقُدْرَةِand dominionوَالْغِنَىand richnessوَالْكَرَمِand generosityوَالرَّحْمَةِand mercyوَالْقُوَّةِand strengthوَالْبَطْشِand mightوَالْقَهْرِ،and dominance,وَالْإِعْطَاءِand givingوَالْمَنْعِand withholdingوَالْرَّفْعِand raisingوَالْخَفْضِ،and lowering,كَمَاasتُنَادِيtheir actionsبِذَٰلِكَthusوَأَقْوَالِهِم،and their statements,فَقَدْindeedقَالَsaidالشَّعْرَانِيُّal-Shahraniفِيinكِتَابِthe bookالْعُهُودِthe pactsالْمُحَمَّدِيَّةِ»Muhammadan."إنَّIndeedلِلْأَوْلِيَاءِfor the alliesالْعَزْلَthere is isolationوَالتَّوْلِيَةَand appointmentوَالْخَفْضَand loweringوَالرَّفْعَ،and raising,وَالْإِعْطَاءَ،and giving,وَالْمَنْعَ،and withholding,وَالْقَبْضَ،and holding,وَالْبَسْطَand expansionوَالْقَهْرَ وَالتَّحَكُّمَand dominance and controlفِيinاللَّهِ.Allah.اهـMay He be exaltedتَعَالَىthe Exaltedرَبَّنَاour Lordعَنْfromذَٰلِكَthatعُلُوًّاgreat elevationكَبِيرًا.high.
A light emanated from the Lord and overflowed from Him, so they had from that light and secret the characteristics of the Lord and His names and attributes, of eternal life, dominion, richness, generosity, mercy, strength, might, dominance, giving, withholding, raising, and lowering, as their actions and statements thus indicate. Indeed, al-Shahrani said in the book "The Muhammadan Pacts" that the allies have isolation, appointment, lowering, raising, giving, withholding, holding, expansion and dominance and control in Allah. May He be exalted, our Lord, far beyond that in great elevation.
(٢)(2)سُورَةُSurahالأَعْرَافِAl-A'rafالْآيَةُverse١٨٠.180.
(2) Surah Al-A'raf, verse 180.