وَرَحْمَتُهُand His mercyالمُتَضَمِّنَةِencompassingلِكَمَالِthe perfectionالْمُلْكِof the kingdomوَالحَمْدِand praiseوَإِلَٰهِيتِهِand His Divinityوَرُبُوبِيَّتِهِand Lordshipوَرَحْمَانِيَّتِهِand His Merciful qualityوَمُلْكِهِand His dominion
And His mercy encompasses the perfection of the kingdom, praise, His Divinity, Lordship, Merciful quality, and His dominion.
مُستلْزِمٌnecessitatesالجَمِيعَallصِفَاتِهِattributesكَمَالِهِof His perfectionإذْsinceيَسْتَحِيلُit is impossibleثُبُوتُto establishذَاكَthatلِمَنْfor one whoلَيْسَis notبَحِيٍّaliveوَلاَnorسَمِيعٍHearingوَلاَnorبَصِيرٍSeeingوَلاَnorقَادِرٍAbleوَلاَnorمُتَكَلِّمٍSpeakingوَلاَnorفَعَّالٍEffectiveلِمَاfor whatيُرِيدُHe willsوَلاَnorحَكِيمٍWiseفِيinأَفْعَالِهِHis actions.
It necessitates that all attributes of His perfection since it is impossible for that to be established for one who is not alive, nor hearing, nor seeing, nor able, nor speaking, nor effective for what He wills, nor wise in His actions.
الاِسْتَوَاءُThe establishmentعَلَىonالْعَرْشِthe Throne:
The establishment on the Throne:
وَصِفَاتُAnd the attributesالْجَلاَلِof Majestyوَالجَمَالِand Beautyأَخَصُّare specificبِاسْمِto the name«اللَّهُ»‘God’.
And the attributes of Majesty and Beauty are specific to the name ‘God’.
وَصِفَاتُAnd the attributesالْفِعْلِof actionوَالقُدْرَةِand powerوَالتَّفَرُّدِand the uniquenessبِالضَّرِّin harmوَالنَّفْعِand benefit.وَالعَطَاءِAnd givingوَالمَنْعِand withholding.وَنَفُوذِAnd the enforcementالمَشِيئَةِof willوَكَمَالِand the perfectionالقُوَّةِof powerوَتَدْبِيرِand the managementأَمْرِof affairsالْخَلِيقَةِof creation:أَخَصُّare specificبِاسْمِto the name«الرَّبِّ»‘Lord’.
And the attributes of action and power and the uniqueness in harm and benefit, and giving and withholding, and the enforcement of will and perfection of power and management of affairs of creation are specific to the name ‘Lord’.
وَصِفَاتُAnd the attributesالإِحْسَانِof benevolenceوَالْجُودِand generosityوَالْبِرِّand virtueوَالْحَنَانِand compassionوَالْمِنَّةِand graceوَالرَّأْفَةِand mercyوَاللُّطْفِand kindness:أَخَصُّare specificبِاسْمِto the name«الرَّحْمَانِ»‘The Most Merciful’وَتُكَرَّرُand it is repeatedإيذَانًاas an indicationبِثُبُوتِof the establishmentالوَصْفِof the descriptionوَحُصُولِand the realizationأَثَرِهِof its effectوَتَعَلُّقِهِand its relationبِمُتَعَلِّقَاتِهِto its subjects.
And the attributes of benevolence, generosity, virtue, compassion, grace, mercy, and kindness are specific to the name ‘The Most Merciful’, and it is repeated as an indication of the establishment of the description, the realization of its effect, and its relation to its subjects.
فَالرَّحْمَانُSo the Most Merciful:
So the Most Merciful:
الَّذِيHe whoالرَّحْمَةُmercyوَصْفُهُis His description.
He who mercy is His description.
وَالرَّحِيمُAnd the Merciful:الرَّاحِمُthe One who shows mercyلِعِبَادِهِto His servants.
And the Merciful: the One who shows mercy to His servants.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonيَقُولُHe saysتَعَالَىExalted:
And for this reason, He says, Exalted:
وَكَانَAnd He wasبِالْمُؤْمِنِينَwith the believersرَحِيمًاmerciful.
And He was merciful with the believers.
إِنَّهُIndeed, Heبِهُمْwith themرَؤُوفٌis kindرَحِيمٌand merciful.
Indeed, He is kind and merciful with them.
وَلَمْAnd did notيَجِئْcomeالرَّحْمَانُThe Most Mercifulبِعِبَادِهِwith His servantsوَلَاnorالرَّحْمَانُThe Most Mercifulبِالْمُؤْمِنِينَwith the believers,
And did not come The Most Merciful with His servants nor The Most Merciful with the believers,
مَعَwithمَاwhatفِيis inاسمِthe name«الرَّحْمَانِ»‘The Most Merciful’الَّذِيwhichهُوَisعَلَىinوَزْنِthe weightفَعْلانَof 'Fa'lan'مِنْfromسَعَةِthe vastnessهَذَاthisالوَصْفِdescriptionوَثُبُوتِand establishmentجَمِيعِof allمَعَانَاهُits meaningsالْمَوْصُوفِdescribedبِهِby it.
with what is in the name ‘The Most Merciful’, which is in the weight of 'Fa'lan', indicating the vastness of this description and the establishment of all its meanings described by it.
أَلَاDo notتَرَىyou seeأَنَّهُمْthat theyيَقُولُونَsay:
Do you not see that they say:
غَضْبَانُAngryلِلْمُمْتَلِيءِfor the one who is filledغَضَبًاwith rage,وَنَدْمَانُand regretfulوَحَيْرَانُand confusedوَسَكْرَانُand drunkوَلَهَفَانُand in a hurryلِمَنْfor one whoمَلَأَis filledبِذَٰلِكَwith it,
Angry for the one who is filled with rage, and regretful, and confused, and drunk, and in a hurry for one who is filled with it,
فَبِنَاءِSo the structureفَعْلانَ‘Fa'lan’لِلشُّمُولِis for inclusiveness.وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonيُقَرَّنُit is associatedاِسْتَوَائِهِHis establishmentعَلَىonالْعَرْشِthe Throneبِهَذَاwith thisالِاسْمِnameكَثِيرًاoften,كَقَوْلِهِas His saying:
So the structure ‘Fa'lan’ is for inclusiveness. And for this reason, it is associated often with His establishment on the Throne with this name, as His saying:
الرَّحْمَانُThe Most Mercifulعَلَىonالْعَرْشِthe Throneاِسْتَوَىestablished.
The Most Merciful established on the Throne.
ثُمَّThenاستَوَىestablishedعَلَىonالْعَرْشِthe Throneالرَّحْمَانُthe Most Merciful.
Then, the Most Merciful established on the Throne.
فَاستَوَىSo He establishedعَلَىonعَرْشِهِHis Throneبِاسْمِwith the nameالرَّحْمَانِthe Most Merciful,لِأَنَّbecauseالْعَرْشُthe Throneمُحِيطٌis encompassingبِالْمَخْلُوقَاتِwith the creatures,وَقَدْand certainlyوَسِعَتْit has encompassed them.
So He established on His Throne with the name the Most Merciful, because the Throne is encompassing with the creatures, and certainly it has encompassed them.
وَالرَّحْمَانُAnd the Most Mercifulمُحِيطَةٌis encompassingبِالْخَلقِwith creationوَاسِعَةٌand vastلَهُمfor them,كَمَاasقَالَsaidتَعَالَىExalted:
And the Most Merciful is encompassing with creation and vast for them, as He said, Exalted:
﴿“وَرَحْمَتِيAnd My mercyوَسِعَتْhas encompassedكُلَّeverythingشَيْءٍ)thing.”﴾)
“And My mercy has encompassed everything.”
فَاستَوَىSo He establishedعَلَىonأَوْسَعِthe widestالْمَخْلُوقَاتِof the creaturesبِأَوْسَعَwith the widest.
So He established on the widest of the creatures with the widest.