مَرَاتِبُRanksالهِدَايَةِof guidance
Ranks of Guidance.
فِيInمَرَاتِبِthe ranksالهِدَايَةِof guidanceالخَاصَّةِspecialوَالْعَامَّةِand general.
In the special and general ranks of guidance.
وَهِيَAnd they areعَشَرَtenمَرَاتِبٌranks
And they are ten ranks.
الْمَرْتَبَةُThe rankالأُولَىٰfirst::مَرْتَبَةُrankتَكْلِيمٍof speakingاللَّهِof Allahعَزَّ وَجَلَّthe Exalted and Majesticلِعَبْدِهِto His servantيَقَظَةًwhile awakeبِلاَwithoutوَاسِطَةٍintermediary,بَلْbutمِنْهُfrom Himإِلَيْهِto Him.
The first rank: the rank of Allah's speaking to His servant while awake without any intermediary, but directly from Him to him.
وَهَذِهِAnd thisأَعْلَىis the highestمَرَاتِبِهَاof its ranksكَمَاasكَلمَHe spoke toمُوسَىٰMosesابْنِson ofعِمْرَانَImran,صَلَوَاتُpeaceاللَّهِbe upon Allahوَسَلَامُهُand His peaceعَلَىuponنَبِيِّنَاour prophetوَعَلَيْهِ.and upon him.
And this is the highest of its ranks, as He spoke to Moses, son of Imran; peace and blessings of Allah be upon our prophet and upon him.
قَالَAllah saidاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىٰthe Exalted::وَكَلَّمَAnd He spokeاللَّهُAllahمُوسَىٰto Mosesتَكْلِيمًاa speaking.(۱)(1)
Allah, the Exalted, said: "And Allah spoke to Moses with a speaking." (1)
فَذَكَرَHe mentionedفِيinأوَّلِthe beginningالْآيَةِof the verseوَحْيَهُHis revelationإِلَىtoنُوحٍNoahوَالْأَنْبِيَاءِand the prophetsمِنْafter him,ثُمَّthenخَصَّHe specifically choseمُوسَىٰMosesمِنْfromبَيْنِهِمْamong themبِالْإِخْبَارِby informingبِأَنَّهُthat Heكَلَّمَهُspoke to him.
He mentioned in the beginning of the verse His revelation to Noah and the prophets after him, then specifically chose Moses from among them by informing that He spoke to him.
وَهَذَاAnd thisيَدُلُّindicatesعَلَىthatأَنَّtheالتَّكْلِيمَspeakingالَّذِيthat whichحَصَلَoccurredلَهُto himأَخَصُّis more specificمِنْthanمُطْلَقِgeneralالوَحْيِrevelationالَّذِيthat whichذُكِرَwas mentionedفِيinأوَّلِthe beginningالْآيَةِ.of the verse.
And this indicates that the speaking that occurred to him is more specific than the general revelation that was mentioned in the beginning of the verse.
ثُمَّThenأَكَّدَهُHe confirmed itبِالْخَالِصِwith the pureالْمَصْدَرِsourceالْحَقِيقِيِّtrueالَّذِيwhich isمَصْدَرَthe sourceكَلَّمَof the word 'spoke',وَهُوَand it isالتَّكْلِيمُthe speaking.
Then He confirmed it with the pure true source, which is the source of 'spoke', and that is the speaking.
رَفْعًاRaisingلِمَاwhatيَتَوَهَّمُهُis imagined byالْمُعَطِّلَةِthe deniersوَالْجَهْمِيَّةِand the Jahmitesوَالْمُعْتَزِلَةِand the Mu'tazilitesوَغَيْرِهِمْand othersمِنْthat it isأَنَّهُanإِلْهَامٌinspiration,أَوْorإِشَارَةٌa sign,أَوْorتَعْرِيفٌa definitionلِلْمَعْنَىof the meaningالنَّفْسِيِّto somethingبِشَيْءٍother thanغَيْرِtheالتَّكْلِيمِ.speaking.
Raising what is imagined by the deniers, Jahmites, Mu'tazilites, and others that it is inspiration, or a sign, or a definition of the meaning to something other than speaking.
فَأَكَّدَهُSo He confirmed itبِالْمَصْدَرِwith the sourceالْمُفِيدِthat benefitsتَحْقِيقَaffirmationالنِّسْبَةِof the relationshipوَرَفْعَand raisingتَوَهُّمِthe illusion ofالْمَجَازِ.the metaphor.
So He confirmed it with the source that benefits in affirming the relationship and raising the illusion of the metaphor.
قَالَAl-Farra’ said:العَرَبُThe Arabsتُسَمِّيnameمَاwhatيُوصَلُis conveyedإِلَىtoكَلَامًاit as speechبِأَيِّby anyطَرِيقٍwayوَصَلَ.conveyed.
Al-Farra’ said: 'The Arabs name whatever is conveyed as speech by any way it is conveyed.'
وَلَكِنْButلَاdo notتُحَقِّقَهُdefine itبِالْمَصْدَرِ،by the source,فَإِذَاso ifحَقَّقْتَyou define itبِالْمَصْدَرِby the sourceلَمit will not beيَكُنexceptإِلَّاtheحَقِيقَةُtruthالْكَلَامِof speechكَالإِرَادَةِlike the will.يُقَالُIt is saidفُلَانٌso and soأَرَادَwantedإِرَادَةً،a will,يُرِيدُونَthey meanحَقِيقَةًthe truthالإِرَادَةِ.of the will.
But do not define it by the source; so if you define it by the source it will not be except the truth of speech, like the will. It is said so and so wanted a will; they mean the truth of the will.
وَيُقَالُAnd it is saidأَرَادَwantedالْجِدَارَ،the wall,وَلَاand notيُقَالُit is saidإِرَادَةًa willلِأَنَّهُbecause it isمَجَازٌa metaphorغَيْرَnotحَقِيقَةً.the truth.
And it is said that it wanted the wall, and it is not said a will because it is not the truth.
هَذَاThisكَلَامُهُ.is his saying.
This is his saying.
وَقَالَAnd Allah saidتَعَالَىٰ:the Exalted:﴿"وَلَمَّاAnd whenجَاءَhe cameمُوسَىٰMosesلِمِيَاقِينَاto our appointed timeوَكَلَّمَهُand He spoke to himرَبُّهُ،his Lord:,قَالَhe said::رَبِّMy Lordأَرِنِيshow meأَنْظُرْthat I may seeإِلَيْكَYou."
And Allah said, the Exalted: "And when Moses came to our appointed time, his Lord spoke to him; he said: 'My Lord, show me that I may see You.'"
(٢)(2)
(2)
وَهَذَاAnd thisالتَّكْلِيمُspeakingغَيْرُis different fromالتَّكْلِيمِthe speakingالأَوَّلِfirstالَّذِيthat whichأَرْسَلَهُHe sentبِهِwithإِلَىtoفِرْعَوْنَ.Pharaoh.
And this speaking is different from the first speaking that He sent with him to Pharaoh.
وَفِيAnd inهَذَاthisالتَّكْلِيمِspeakingالثَّانِيsecondسَأَلَhe askedالنَّظَرَ،to see,لَاnotفِيinالأَوَّلِ.the first.
And in this second speaking he asked to see, not in the first.
وَفِيAnd in itأُعْطِيَhe was givenالْأَلْوَاحَ.the tablets.
And in it, he was given the tablets.
وَكَانَAnd it wasعَلَىuponمَوَاعِدَةٍappointmentمِنْfromاللَّهِAllahلَهُ.to him.
And it was upon an appointment from Allah for him.
وَالتَّكْلِيمُAnd the speakingالأَوَّلِfirstلَمْwas notيَكُنuponمَوَاعِدَةٍ.an appointment.
And the first speaking was not upon an appointment.
وَفِيIn itقَالَAllah saidلَهُto himيَاOالإِنْسَانَman.
And in it, Allah said to him: 'O man.'
(۱)(1)
(1)
(٢)(2)
(2)
٤٧47
47.