Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 129

فَارْجِعْ

So return

إِلَى

to

قَصَائِدِ

poems

الشُّعَرَاءِ

of the poets

الْمُخْضَرَمِينَ،

who lived in both pre-Islamic and Islamic eras,

So return to the poems of the Mukhdaram poets,

وَاقْرَأْ

and read

رَسَائِلَ

letters

النَّبِيِّ

of the Prophet

الْكَرِيمِ

the noble

- صَلَّى

- may God bless

اللَّهُ

Him

عَلَيْهِ

and grant Him

وَسَلَّمَ -

peace -

وَرَسَائِلَ

and letters

سَيِّدِنَا

of our master

عُمَرَ

Umar

بْنِ

son of

الْخَطَّابِ

Al-Khattab

- رَضِيَ

- may God be

اللَّهُ

pleased

عَنْهُ -

with him -

حَتَّى

until

تَنْكَشِفَ

is revealed

لَكَ

to you

هَذِهِ

this

الْحَقِيقَةُ

truth

جَلِيَّةً

manifest

وَاضِحَةً،

and clear,

and read the letters of the noble Prophet - peace and blessings be upon him - and the letters of our master Umar ibn al-Khattab - may God be pleased with him - until this truth is revealed to you clearly,

فَلَوْ

for if

جَاءَ

had come

الْكَلَامُ

the speech

عَلَى

upon

غَيْرِ

other than

مَا

what

كَانُوا

they were

يَعْهَدُونَهُ

accustomed to

مِنْ

of

طَرَائِقِ

methods

الْبَيَانِ،

of expression,

for if the speech had come in other than the methods of expression they were accustomed to,

لَوَقَعُوا

they would have fallen

فِي

into

الْحَيْرَةِ،

confusion,

وَوَاجَهَهُمْ

and it would have faced them with

شَيْءٌ

something

لَا

they do not

يَأْلَفُونَهُ

familiarize with

وَلَا

and do not

يَأْنَسُونَ

find comfort

بِهِ،

in it,

وَشَوَشَ

which would have disturbed

عُقُولَهُمْ

their minds

وَأَقْلَقَ

and worried

خَاطِرَهُمْ.

their thoughts.

they would have fallen into confusion, and something would have confronted them that they neither recognize nor find comfort in, which would have disturbed their minds and troubled their thoughts.

ثُمَّ

Then

إِنَّ

indeed

الْغَرَضَ

the purpose

لَيْسَ

is not

مُجَرَّدَ

merely

إِفَادَةِ

conveying

مَا

what

لَا

they do not

يَعْلَمُونَهُ،

know,

بَلْ

rather

إِفَادَتِهِ

conveying it

مَعَ

with

التَّكْرَارِ

repetition

وَالاسْتِحْضَارِ

and presence

مَرَّةً

time

بَعْدَ

after

مَرَّةٍ،

time,

Then, the purpose is not merely to impart what they do not know, but rather to impart it with repetition and recall time after time.

وَيَتَوَفَّرُ

and this is provided

هَذَا

this

الْمَعْنَى

meaning

فِي

in

غَيْرِ

other than

الْمُرَتَّبِ

the arranged

مَا

what

لَا

is not

يَتَوَفَّرُ

provided

فِي

in

الْمُرَتَّبِ

the arranged

مِنَ

of

الْكَلَامِ

speech

(عَلَى

(according

طَرِيقَةِ

to the method

الْمُتُونِ

of textual texts

الْكِتَابِيَّةِ) .

written).

And this meaning is provided in the non-arranged [speech] in a way that is not provided in the arranged speech (according to the method of textual books).

وَجْهُ

The aspect

اخْتِيَارِ

of choosing

الْأَوْزَانِ

the meters

وَالْقَوَافِي

and rhymes

الْجَدِيدَةِ:

new:

The reason for choosing new meters and rhymes:

وَلَوْ

And if

سَأَلْنَا:

we asked:

لِمَادَا

why

لَمْ

did not

يَخْتَرْ

choose

الْقُرْآنُ

the Quran

الْكَرِيمُ

the noble

تِلْكَ

those

الْأَوْزَانَ

meters

وَالْقَوَافِيَ

and rhymes

الَّتِي

which

تُعْرَفُ

are known

لَدَى

by

الشُّعَرَاءِ

the poets

وَهِيَ

while they are

أَحْلَى

sweeter

وَأَلَذُّ،

and more delightful,

And if we were to ask: Why did the Noble Quran not choose those meters and rhymes known to poets, which are sweeter and more delightful?

قُلْنَا:

we would say:

إِنَّ

indeed

اللَّذَّةَ

delight

وَالْحَلَاوَةَ

and sweetness

أَمْرٌ

is a matter

نِسْبِيٌّ،

relative,

يَخْتَلِفُ

differing

بِاخْتِلَافِ

by the difference of

الشُّعُوبِ

peoples

وَالْبُلْدَانِ

and countries

وَالْعُقُولِ

and minds

وَالْأَذْوَاقِ،

and tastes,

we would say: Indeed, delight and sweetness are relative matters, differing according to peoples, countries, minds, and tastes.

وَلَوْ

and even if

سَلَّمْنَا

we granted

- جَدَلًا -

- for the sake of argument -

أَنَّ

that

تِلْكَ

those

أَحْلَى

are sweeter

وَأَلَذُّ،

and more delightful,

فَإِنَّ

then indeed

إِبْدَاعَ

creating

أُسْلُوبٍ

a style

جَدِيدٍ

new

وَنَمُوذَجٍ

and a model

جَدِيدٍ

new

مِنَ

of

الْأَوْزَانِ

meters

وَالْقَوَافِي

and rhymes

عَلَى

upon

لِسَانِ

the tongue of

الرَّسُولِ

the Messenger

الْكَرِيمِ

the noble

- صَلَّى

- may God bless

اللَّهُ

Him

عَلَيْهِ

and grant Him

وَسَلَّمَ -

peace -

الَّذِي

who

كَانَ

was

أُمِّيّاً

illiterate

لَمْ

who did not

يَقْرَأْ

read

وَلَمْ

and did not

يَكْتُبْ،

write,

آيَةٌ

is a sign

ظَاهِرَةٌ

manifest

مِنَ

among

الْآيَاتِ

the signs

الدَّالَّةِ

pointing

عَلَى

to

نُبُوَّتِهِ

his prophethood

وَرِسَالَتِهِ

and his message.

And even if we conceded - for the sake of argument - that those are sweeter and more delightful, then the creation of a new style and a new model of meters and rhymes on the tongue of the noble Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him - who was illiterate and neither read nor wrote, is a manifest sign among the signs indicating his prophethood and message.

وَلَوْ

And if

كَانَ

had

الْقُرْآنُ

the Quran

قَدْ

been

نَزَلَ

revealed

عَلَى

upon

أَوْزَانِ

meters of

الشِّعْرِ

poetry

وَقَوَافِيهِ

and its rhymes

الْمَعْرُوفَةِ

known

لَذَهَبَتْ

would have taken away

بِالْكُفَّارِ

with the disbelievers

الظُّنُونُ

thoughts

إِلَى

to

أَنَّهُ

that it

شِعْرٌ

is poetry

مِنْ

of

شِعْرِهِمُ

their poetry

الْمُتَدَاوَلِ

circulated

الْمَعْرُوفِ،

known,

وَلَمْ

and they would not have

يُعِيرُوهُ

bestowed upon it

كَبِيرَ

great

اهْتِمَامٍ

attention

وَلَمْ

and they would not have

يُبَالُوا

cared

بِهِ.

about it.

And had the Quran been revealed upon the meters of poetry and its known rhymes, the thoughts of the disbelievers would have led them to believe that it is poetry from their circulated and known poetry, and they would not have given it great attention nor cared about it.

وَمَعْلُومٌ

And it is known

أَنَّ

that

الْبُلغَاءَ

the eloquent ones

مِنَ

among

الشُّعَرَاءِ

the poets

الْمُفْلَقِينَ

the masterly

وَالْكُتَّابِ

and the writers

الْمَجِيدِينَ

the proficient

And it is known that the eloquent ones among masterly poets and proficient writers