Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 146

اَلْإِجْمَالُ

The summary

نَحْوَ

towards

التَّفْصِيلِ،

the detail,

Summary towards detail,

كَذَلِكَ

likewise

جَاءَتْ

came

قِصَّةُ

the story of

عِيسَى

Jesus

- عَلَيْهِ

- upon him

السَّلَامُ -

peace -

مُجْمَلَةً

summarized

فِي

in

سُورَةِ

Surah

مَرْيَمَ

Maryam

فِي

in

قَوْلِهِ

His statement

تَعَالَى:

the Most High:

likewise the story of Jesus - peace be upon him - came summarized in Surah Maryam in His statement, the Most High:

{وَلِنَجْعَلَهُ
{And that We may make him
آيَةً
a sign
لِلنَّاسِ
for the people
وَرَحْمَةً
and a mercy
مِنَّا
from Us
وَكَانَ
and it was
أَمْرًا
a matter
مَقْضِيًّا}
decreed}

{And that We may make him a sign for the people and a mercy from Us and it was a matter decreed}

وَجَاءَتْ

And it came

مُفَصَّلَةً

detailed

فِي

in

سُورَةِ

Surah

آلِ

Ali

عِمْرَانَ

Imran

فِي

in

قَوْلِ

the statement

- تَعَالَى -:

- the Most High -:

And it came detailed in Surah Ali Imran in the statement - the Most High -:

{وَرَسُولًا
{And a messenger
إِلَى
to
بَنِي
the Children of
إِسْرَائِيلَ
Israel
أَنِّي
that I
قَدْ
have
جِئْتُكُمْ
come to you
بِآيَةٍ
with a sign
مِنْ
from
رَبِّكُمْ}
your Lord}

{And a messenger to the Children of Israel, that I have come to you with a sign from your Lord}

فَقَدْ

So indeed

جَاءَتْ

came

فِي

in

هَذِهِ

this

الْآيَةِ

verse

الْبِشَارَةُ

the glad tidings

التَّفْصِيلِيَّةُ،

detailed,

So indeed the detailed glad tidings came in this verse,

وَفِي

and in

تِلْكَ

that

الْآيَةِ

verse

الْبِشَارَةُ

the glad tidings

الْإِجْمَالِيَّةُ،

summarized,

and in that verse the summarized glad tidings,

وَمِنْ

and from

هُنَا

here

اسْتَنْبَطَ

deduced

الْعَبْدُ

the servant

الضَّعِيفُ

the weak

أَنَّ

that

مَعْنَى

meaning of

الْآيَةِ

the verse

وَتَقْدِيرَهُ:

and its estimation:

and from here the weak servant deduced that the meaning of the verse and its estimation:

"وَرَسُولًا
"And a messenger
إِلَى
to
بَنِي
the Children of
إِسْرَائِيلَ
Israel
مُخْبِراً
informing
بِأَنِّي
that I
قَدْ
have
جِئْتُكُمْ".
come to you".

"And a messenger to the Children of Israel informing that I have come to you".

وَهَذَا

And this

دَاخِلٌ

is included

فِي

in

حَيِّزِ

the realm of

الْبِشَارَةِ،

glad tidings,

And this is included in the realm of glad tidings,

وَلَيْسَ

and it is not

بِمُتَعَلِّقٍ

related

بِمَحْذُوفٍ

to an omitted word

كَمَا

as

أَشَارَ

indicated

إِلَيْهِ

to it

السُّيُوطِيُّ

Al-Suyuti

حَيْثُ

where

قَالَ:

he said:

and it is not related to an omitted word as Al-Suyuti indicated where he said:

"فَلَمَّا
"So when
بَعَثَهُ
sent him
اللَّهُ
Allah
قَالَ:
He said:
إِنِّي
Indeed I am
رَسُولُ
the messenger of
اللَّهِ
Allah
إِلَيْكُمْ
to you
بِأَنِّي
by that I
قَدْ
have
جِئْتُكُمْ"
come to you"
وَاللَّهُ
and Allah
أَعْلَمُ.
knows best.

"So when Allah sent him He said: Indeed I am the messenger of Allah to you by that I have come to you" and Allah knows best.

[شَرْحُ

[Explanation of

غَرِيبِ

the rare words of

الْقُرْآنِ:]

the Quran:]

[Explanation of the rare words of the Quran:]

مِنَ

From

الْأُمُورِ

the matters

الَّتِي

which

يَشْتَمِلُ

includes

عَلَيْهَا

it

التَّفْسِيرُ

tafsir

بِالْمَأْثُورِ

by transmission

شَرْحُ

is the explanation of

غَرِيبِ

the rare words of

الْقُرْآنِ

the Quran

كَذَلِكَ،

as well,

From the matters which tafsir by transmission includes is the explanation of the rare words of the Quran as well,

وَمَبْنَاهُ

and its foundation

عَلَى

is upon

تَتَبُّعِ

tracing

لُغَةِ

the language of

الْعَرَبِ

the Arabs

أَوْ

or

عَلَى

upon

فَهْمِ

understanding

سِيَاقِ

the context of

الْآيَةِ

the verse

وَمَعْرِفَةِ

and knowing

مُنَاسَبَةِ

the suitability of

اللَّفْظِ

the word

بِأَجْزَاءِ

to the parts of

الْجُمْلَةِ

the sentence

الَّتِي

in which

وَقَعَ

it occurred

فِيهَا.

there.

and its foundation is upon tracing the language of the Arabs or upon understanding the context of the verse and knowing the suitability of the word to the parts of the sentence in which it occurred there.

مَدْخَلُ

The entry point of

الاجْتِهَادِ

ijtihad

فِي

in

شَرْحِ

explaining

الْكَلِمَةِ:

the word:

The entry point of ijtihad in explaining the word:

وَهُنَا

And here

لِلْعَقْلِ

for the intellect

مَدْخَلٌ

is an entry point

وَلِلِاخْتِلَافِ

and for disagreement

مَجَالٌ،

is a scope,

And here for the intellect is an entry point and for disagreement is a scope,

إِذْ

since

أَنَّ

that

الْكَلِمَةَ

the word

الْوَاحِدَةَ

single

تَأْتِي

comes

فِي

in

لُغَةِ

the language of

الْعَرَبِ

the Arabs

لِمَعَانٍ

for meanings

شَتَّى،

various,

since the single word comes in the language of the Arabs for various meanings,

وَتَخْتَلِفُ

and differ

الْعُقُولُ

the minds

وَالْمَدَارِكُ

and perceptions

فِي

in

تَتَبُّعِ

tracing

اسْتِعْمَالَاتِ

the usages of

الْعَرَبِ،

the Arabs,

and the minds and perceptions differ in tracing the usages of the Arabs,

وَالتَّفَطُّنِ

and paying attention

إِلَى

to

السَّابِقِ

the preceding

وَاللَّاحِقِ.

and the succeeding.

and paying attention to the preceding and the succeeding.

وَلِذَلِكَ

And therefore

اخْتَلَفَتْ

differed

أَقْوَالُ

the statements of

الصَّحَابَةِ

the Companions

وَالتَّابِعِينَ

and the Successors

- رَضِيَ

- may be pleased

اللَّهُ

Allah

عَنْهُمْ -

with them -

فِي

in

هَذَا

this

الْبَابِ -

chapter -

And therefore the statements of the Companions and the Successors - may Allah be pleased with them - differed in this chapter -

وَسَلَكَ

and traversed

كُلٌّ

each

مِنْهُمْ

of them

رَأْيًا

an opinion

وَمَذْهَبًا.

and a school.

and each of them traversed an opinion and a school.