أُصُولُ
Originsالتَّوْجِيهِ
of guidanceوَضَوَابِطُهُ
and its controlsThe origins and controls of guidance
لَمْ
were notتَكُنْ
beingمُنَقَّحَةً
revisedوَاضِحَةً
or clearفِي
inعَصْرِهِمْ
their erawere not revised or clear in their era
فِي
regardingتَوْجِيهِ
the guidance ofالْآيَاتِ
the versesالْقُرْآنِيَّةِ
Quranicregarding the guidance of the Quranic verses,
وَأَكْثَرُوا
and they did muchمِنْهُ
of itand they did much of it.
حَقِيقَةُ
The reality ofالتَّوْجِيهِ
guidanceThe reality of guidance:
وَحَقِيقَةُ
And the reality ofالتَّوْجِيهِ
guidanceهِيَ
isأَنَّهُ
that itAnd the reality of guidance is that
إِذَا
ifوَقَعَتْ
there occursصُعُوبَةٌ
a difficultyفِي
inفَهْمِ
understandingكَلَامِ
the speech ofالْمُؤَلِّفِ
the authorif a difficulty occurs in understanding the author's speech
مَثَلًا
for example- for example -
فَيَقِفُ
then standsالشَّارِحُ
the commentatorعِنْدَ
atذَلِكَ
thatthen the commentator stops at that,
وَيُيَسِّرُ
and he easesهَذِهِ
thisالصُّعُوبَةَ
difficultyوَيَحُلُّ
and solvesكُلَّ
everyغُمُوضٍ
obscurityeases this difficulty, and resolves every obscurity.
وَلَمَّا
And sinceكَانَتْ
wereعُقُولُ
the minds ofالْقُرَّاءِ
the readersلِلْكِتَابِ
of the bookAnd since the minds of the readers of the book
وَمَدَارِكُهُمْ
and their perceptionsلَيْسَتْ
are notفِي
atمَرْتَبَةٍ
a levelوَاحِدَةٍ
singleand their perceptions are not at a single level,
فَلِذَلِكَ
thereforeيَخْتَلِفُ
differsالتَّوْجِيهُ
the guidanceلِلْمُبْتَدِئِينَ
for beginnersعَنِ
fromالتَّوْجِيهِ
the guidanceلِلْمُنْتَهِينَ
for advanced learnerstherefore guidance for beginners differs from guidance for advanced learners.
وَكَثِيرٌ
And muchمِمَّا
of whatيَصْعُبُ
is difficultفَهْمُهُ
to understandوَيَدِقُّ
and subtleإِدْرَاكُهُ
to perceiveAnd much of what is difficult to understand and subtle to perceive
يَشْعُرُ
is sensedبِهِ
byالْمُنْتَهِي
the advanced learnerوَيَحْتَاجُ
and he needsإِلَى
toحَلِّهِ
its solutionis sensed by the advanced learner, and he needs its solution,
وَيَبْقَى
while remainsالْمُبْتَدِئُ
the beginnerفِي
inغَفْلَةٍ
heedlessnessعَنْهُ
of itwhile the beginner remains heedless of it
وَلَا
and does notيُحِسُّ
feelبِهِ
itand does not feel it,
بَلْ
ratherلَا
he does notيَسْتَطِيعُ
have the abilityأَنْ
toيُحِيطَ
comprehendبِهِ
itrather, he cannot comprehend it
وَيُدْرِكَهُ
and perceive itحَقَّ
the trueإِدْرَاكِهِ
perception of itand perceive it with true perception.
وَهُنَالِكَ
And there isكَثِيرٌ
muchمِنَ
ofالْكَلَامِ
speechAnd there is much speech
يَسْتَصْعِبُهُ
that finds difficultالْمُبْتَدِئُ
the beginnerthat the beginner finds difficult
وَلَا
and does notيَحْصُلُ
occurفِي
inذِهْنِ
the mind ofالْمُنْتَهِي
the advanced learnerشَيْءٌ
anythingمِنَ
ofالصُّعُوبَةِ
difficultywhile nothing of that difficulty occurs in the mind of the advanced learner.
التَّوْجِيهُ
Guidanceفِي
inالْقُرْآنِ
the QuranGuidance in the Quran:
وَلَمَّا
And sinceكَانَ
wasالْقُرْآنُ
the Quranالْكَرِيمُ
NobleAnd since the Noble Quran
أَحَاطَ
encompassedبِجَمِيعِ
allالْعُقُولِ
mindsالْبَشَرِيَّةِ
humanencompassed all human minds
وَأَطْرَافِ
and the limits ofالْمَدَارِكِ
perceptionsالْإِنْسَانِيَّةِ
humanand the limits of human perceptions,
فَإِنَّهُ
then indeed itقَدْ
hasرَاعَى
consideredحَالَ
the state ofجُمْهُورِ
the generality ofالْقُرَّاءِ
readersit has indeed considered the state of the generality of readers,
وَتَحَدَّثَ
and spokeعَلَى
according toقَدْرِ
the measure ofعُقُولِهِمْ
their mindsوَأَذْهَانِهِمْ
and intellectsand spoke according to the measure of their minds and intellects.
فَفِي
So inآيَاتِ
the verses ofالْجَدَلِ
dialecticالْقُرْآنِيِّ
QuranicSo in the verses of Quranic debate,
يَقُومُ
is basedالتَّوْجِيهُ
guidanceعَلَى
uponتَحْرِيرِ
clarifyingمَذَاهِبِ
the doctrines ofتِلْكَ
thoseالْفِرَقِ
sectsguidance is based on clarifying the doctrines of those sects
الَّتِي
whichتَحَدَّثَ
spokeعَنْهَا
about themالْقُرْآنُ
the Quranwhich the Quran spoke about,
وَتَنْقِيحِ
and refiningوُجُوهِ
the aspects ofالْإِلْزَامِ
binding argumentand refining the aspects of binding argument.
وَفِي
And inآيَاتِ
the verses ofالْأَحْكَامِ
rulingsAnd in the verses of rulings,
يَنْبَنِي
is builtالتَّوْجِيهُ
guidanceعَلَى
uponتَوْضِيحِ
clarifyingالْمَسْأَلَةِ
the issueguidance is built upon clarifying the issue.