Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 51

اَلْحَاجَةُ

The need

إِلَى

to

اَلْبَحْثِ

the research

فِي

in

اَللُّغَةِ

the language

وَالنَّحْوِ:

and grammar:

The need to research language and grammar:

وَلَكِنْ

But

مَا

not

مَضَتْ

passed

تِلْكَ

that

اَلطَّبَقَةُ

generation

الْأُولَى

first

But that first generation of the early vanguard had not passed

مِنَ

of

الرَّعِيلِ

the vanguard

الْأَوَّلِ

first

of the early vanguard

وَدَاخَلَ

and mixed

الْعَرَبَ

the Arabs

الْعَجَمُ،

the non-Arabs,

and non-Arabs mixed with the Arabs,

وَذَهَبَتْ

and went

تِلْكَ

that

اللُّغَةُ

language

الْأَصْلِيَّةُ

original

الْأُولَى

first

and that first original language passed away

وَاسْتَعْصَى

and became difficult

فَهْمُ

understanding

الْمَطَالِبِ

the demands

وَالْمَعَانِي

and meanings

فِي

in

بَعْضِ

some

الْمَوَاضِعِ،

places,

and understanding the demands and meanings became difficult in some places,

وَمَسَّتِ

and touched

الْحَاجَةُ

the need

إِلَى

to

التَّفْتِيشِ

inspecting

وَالْبَحْثِ

and researching

فِي

in

اللُّغَةِ

the language

وَالنَّحْوِ،

and grammar,

and the need touched upon inspecting and researching in language and grammar,

وَجَرَتِ

and took place

الْمُنَاقَشَاتُ

the discussions

وَالْأَسْئِلَةُ

and questions

وَالْأَجْوِبَةُ،

and answers,

and discussions, questions, and answers took place,

وَصُنِّفَتْ

and were classified

كُتُبُ

books

التَّفْسِيرِ.

of exegesis.

and books of exegesis were compiled.

لَزِمَ

It became necessary

أَنْ

that

نَسْتَحْضِرَ

we bring to mind

بِصُورَةٍ

in a

إِجْمَالِيَّةٍ

general manner

هَذِهِ

these

الْمَوَاضِعَ

places

الصَّعْبَةَ،

difficult,

It became necessary to bring to mind - in a general way - these difficult places,

وَنُبَيِّنَ

and we clarify

نَمَادِجَهَا

its models

وَأَمْثِلَتَهَا

and its examples

and to clarify their models and examples

حَتَّى

so that

لَا

not

يَحْتَاجَ

it is needed

عِنْدَ

upon

الْخَوْضِ

plunging

فِيهَا

into them

إِلَى

to

بَيَانِ

clarification

مَزِيدٍ

more

so that when delving into them, no further clarification is needed

وَلَا

and nor

يُضْطَرَّ

is forced

إِلَى

to

الْمُبَالَغَةِ

exaggeration

فِي

in

الْكَشْفِ

uncovering

عَنْهَا

it

وَشَرْحِهَا

and explaining it

nor is one forced to exaggerate in uncovering and explaining it

(عِنْدَ

(upon

التَّرْجَمَةِ

translation

وَالتَّفْسِيرِ)

and exegesis)

(during translation and exegesis)

[أَسْبَابُ

[Reasons for

صُعُوبَةِ

difficulty of

فَهْمِ

understanding

الْمُرَادِ

the intended meaning

مِنَ

from

الْكَلَامِ:]

the speech:]

[Reasons for the difficulty of understanding the intended meaning from the speech:]

  • - فَتَارَةً
  • - Sometimes
  • يَصْعُبُ
  • it is difficult
  • التَّوَصُّلُ
  • reaching
  • إِلَى
  • to
  • فَهْمِ
  • understanding
  • الْمُرَادِ
  • the intended
  • مِنَ
  • from
  • الْكَلَامِ
  • the speech

    - Sometimes it is difficult to reach the understanding of the intended meaning from the speech

  • لِاسْتِعْمَالِ
  • due to the use of
  • لَفْظَةٍ
  • a word
  • غَرِيبَةٍ،
  • strange,

    due to the use of a strange word,

  • وَيُعَالَجُ
  • and it is treated
  • ذَلِكَ
  • that
  • بِنَقْلِ
  • by transmitting
  • مَعْنَى
  • the meaning
  • اللَّفْظَةِ
  • of the word
  • عَنِ
  • from
  • الصَّحَابَةِ
  • the companions
  • وَالتَّابِعِينَ
  • and the successors
  • وَسَائِرِ
  • and the rest of
  • أَهْلِ
  • the people of
  • اللُّغَةِ.
  • the language.

    and that is treated by transmitting the meaning of the word from the Companions, the Successors, and the rest of the people of the language.

  • - وَتَارَةً
  • - And other times
  • أُخْرَى
  • another
  • لِقِلَّةِ
  • due to the scarcity of
  • الْاطِّلَاعِ
  • acquaintance
  • عَلَى
  • with
  • النَّاسِخِ
  • the abrogating
  • وَالْمَنْسُوخِ.
  • and the abrogated.

    - And at other times due to a lack of acquaintance with the abrogating and the abrogated.

  • - وَحِينًا
  • - And sometimes
  • لِلْغَفْلَةِ
  • due to heedlessness
  • عَنْ
  • of
  • أَسْبَابِ
  • reasons
  • النُّزُولِ.
  • of revelation.

    - And sometimes due to heedlessness regarding the reasons for revelation.

  • - وَحِينًا
  • - And sometimes
  • آخَرَ
  • other
  • بِسَبَبِ
  • due to the reason of
  • حَذْفِ
  • deletion of
  • الْمُضَافِ
  • the added
  • أَوْ
  • or
  • الْمَوْصُوفِ
  • the described
  • أَوْ
  • or
  • غَيْرِهِمَا،
  • other than them,

    - And yet another time due to the omission of the mudhaf (genitive construct), the described, or other than them,

  • - وَأَحْيَانًا
  • - And sometimes
  • بِإْبْدَالِ
  • by replacing
  • شَيْءٍ،
  • something,
  • أَوْ
  • or
  • إْبْدَالِ
  • replacing
  • حَرْفٍ
  • a letter
  • مَكَانَ
  • in place of
  • حَرْفٍ،
  • a letter,

    - And sometimes by replacing something, or replacing a letter in place of a letter,