Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 62

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12

-

آيَةُ

Verse of

الْحُكْمِ

ruling

بَيْنَ

between

أَهْلِ

the People

الْكِتَابِ

of the Book

أَوْ

or

الْإِعْرَاضُ

turning away

عَنْهُمْ

from them

12 - The verse of ruling between the People of the Book or turning away from them:

وَقَوْلُهُ

And His statement

-

تَعَالَى

the Most High

-

And His statement - the Most High -:

فَإِنْ
If
جَاءُوكَ
they come to you
فَاحْكُمْ
then judge
بَيْنَهُمْ
between them
أَوْ
or
أَعْرِضْ
turn away
عَنْهُمْ
from them

"If they come to you, then judge between them or turn away from them"

مَنْسُوخَةٌ

is abrogated

بِقَوْلِهِ

by His statement

وَأَنِ

"And that

احْكُمْ

judge

بَيْنَهُمْ

between them

بِمَا

by what

أَنْزَلَ

revealed

اللَّهُ

Allah"

is abrogated by His statement "And that you judge between them by what Allah has revealed".

قُلْتُ

I said

-

I said:

مَعْنَاهُ

Its meaning

-

Its meaning:

إِنْ

If

اخْتَرْتَ

you choose

الْحُكْمَ

the ruling

فَاحْكُمْ

then judge

بِمَا

by what

أَنْزَلَ

revealed

اللَّهُ

Allah

وَلَا

and do not

تَتْبَعْ

follow

أَهْوَاءَهُمْ

their desires

If you choose to judge, then judge by what Allah has revealed and do not follow their desires.

فَالْحَاصِلُ

So the summary is

أَنَّهُ

that it

لَنَا

is for us

أَنْ

to

نَتْرُكَ

leave

أَهْلَ

the people

الذِّمَّةِ

of Dhimmah

أَنْ

to

يَرْفَعُوا

raise

الْقَضِيَّةَ

the case

إِلَى

to

زُعَمَائِهِمْ

their leaders

So the summary is that it is permissible for us to leave the protected people to take their case to their leaders,

فَيَحْكُمُوا

so they judge

بِمَا

by what

عِنْدَهُمْ

they have

وَلَنَا

and it is for us

أَنْ

to

نَحْكُمَ

judge

بِمَا

by what

أَنْزَلَ

revealed

اللَّهُ

Allah

عَلَيْنَا

upon us

so they judge by what they have, and it is for us to judge by what Allah has revealed upon us.

١٣

13

-

آيَةُ

Verse of

حَمْلِ

bearing

الشَّهَادَةِ

the testimony

عَنِ

concerning

الْمَيِّتِ

the deceased

فِي

in

الْغُرْبَةِ

a strange land

13 - The verse of bearing testimony for the deceased in a strange land:

وَقَوْلُهُ

And His statement

-

تَعَالَى

the Most High

-

And His statement - the Most High -:

أَوْ
Or
آخَرَانِ
two others
مِنْ
from
غَيْرِكُمْ
other than you
إِلَخْ
etc.

"Or two others from other than you" etc.

مَنْسُوخٌ

is abrogated

بِقَوْلِهِ

by His statement

وَأَشْهِدُوا

"And take as witness

ذَوَيْ

two owners

عَدْلٍ

of justice

مِنْكُمْ

from you"

is abrogated by His statement: "And take as witness two just men from among you".

قُلْتُ

I said

-

I said:

قَالَ

Said

أَحْمَدُ

Ahmad

بِظَاهِرِ

by the apparent meaning of

الْآيَةِ

the verse

Ahmad followed the apparent meaning of the verse,

وَمَعْنَاهَا

and its meaning

-

عِنْدَ

according to

غَيْرِهِ

others

أَوْ

is: or

آخَرَانِ

two others

مِنْ

from

غَيْرِ

other than

أَقَارِبِكُمْ

your relatives

and its meaning according to others is: or two others from other than your relatives,

فَيَكُونُونَ

so they are

مِنْ

from

سَائِرِ

the rest of

الْمُسْلِمِينَ

the Muslims

so they are from the rest of the Muslims.

١٤

14

-

وَمِنَ

And from

الْأَنْفَالِ

Surah Al-Anfal

آيَةُ

: the verse of

مُغَالَبَةِ

overcoming of

الْمُسْلِمِ

the Muslim

الْوَاحِدِ

single

الْعَشَرَةَ

ten

مِنَ

of

الْكُفَّارِ

the disbelievers

14 - And from Surah Al-Anfal: The verse of the single Muslim overcoming ten of the disbelievers:

قَوْلُهُ

His statement

-

تَعَالَى

the Most High

-

His statement - the Most High -:

إِنْ
If
يَكُنْ
there be
مِنْكُمْ
among you
عِشْرُونَ
twenty
صَابِرُونَ
patient ones
الْآيَةُ
the verse

"If there be of you twenty steadfast" the verse

مَنْسُوخَةٌ

is abrogated

بِالْآيَةِ

by the verse

بَعْدَهَا

after it

is abrogated by the verse after it.