١٢12-ُ-آيَةُVerse ofالْحُكْمِrulingبَيْنَbetweenأَهْلِthe Peopleالْكِتَابِof the Bookأَوْorالْإِعْرَاضُturning awayعَنْهُمْfrom them
12 - The verse of ruling between the People of the Book or turning away from them:
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His statement-ُ-تَعَالَىthe Most High-َ-
And His statement - the Most High -:
فَإِنْIfجَاءُوكَthey come to youفَاحْكُمْthen judgeبَيْنَهُمْbetween themأَوْorأَعْرِضْturn awayعَنْهُمْfrom them
"If they come to you, then judge between them or turn away from them"
مَنْسُوخَةٌis abrogatedبِقَوْلِهِby His statementوَأَنِ"And thatاحْكُمْjudgeبَيْنَهُمْbetween themبِمَاby whatأَنْزَلَrevealedاللَّهُAllah"
is abrogated by His statement "And that you judge between them by what Allah has revealed".
قُلْتُI said-ُ-
I said:
مَعْنَاهُIts meaning-ُ-
Its meaning:
إِنْIfاخْتَرْتَyou chooseالْحُكْمَthe rulingفَاحْكُمْthen judgeبِمَاby whatأَنْزَلَrevealedاللَّهُAllahوَلَاand do notتَتْبَعْfollowأَهْوَاءَهُمْtheir desires
If you choose to judge, then judge by what Allah has revealed and do not follow their desires.
فَالْحَاصِلُSo the summary isأَنَّهُthat itلَنَاis for usأَنْtoنَتْرُكَleaveأَهْلَthe peopleالذِّمَّةِof Dhimmahأَنْtoيَرْفَعُواraiseالْقَضِيَّةَthe caseإِلَىtoزُعَمَائِهِمْtheir leaders
So the summary is that it is permissible for us to leave the protected people to take their case to their leaders,
فَيَحْكُمُواso they judgeبِمَاby whatعِنْدَهُمْthey haveوَلَنَاand it is for usأَنْtoنَحْكُمَjudgeبِمَاby whatأَنْزَلَrevealedاللَّهُAllahعَلَيْنَاupon us
so they judge by what they have, and it is for us to judge by what Allah has revealed upon us.
١٣13-ُ-آيَةُVerse ofحَمْلِbearingالشَّهَادَةِthe testimonyعَنِconcerningالْمَيِّتِthe deceasedفِيinالْغُرْبَةِa strange land
13 - The verse of bearing testimony for the deceased in a strange land:
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His statement-ُ-تَعَالَىthe Most High-َ-
And His statement - the Most High -:
أَوْOrآخَرَانِtwo othersمِنْfromغَيْرِكُمْother than youإِلَخْetc.
"Or two others from other than you" etc.
مَنْسُوخٌis abrogatedبِقَوْلِهِby His statementوَأَشْهِدُوا"And take as witnessذَوَيْtwo ownersعَدْلٍof justiceمِنْكُمْfrom you"
is abrogated by His statement: "And take as witness two just men from among you".
قُلْتُI said-ُ-
I said:
قَالَSaidأَحْمَدُAhmadبِظَاهِرِby the apparent meaning ofالْآيَةِthe verse
Ahmad followed the apparent meaning of the verse,
وَمَعْنَاهَاand its meaning-ُ-عِنْدَaccording toغَيْرِهِothersأَوْis: orآخَرَانِtwo othersمِنْfromغَيْرِother thanأَقَارِبِكُمْyour relatives
and its meaning according to others is: or two others from other than your relatives,
فَيَكُونُونَso they areمِنْfromسَائِرِthe rest ofالْمُسْلِمِينَthe Muslims
so they are from the rest of the Muslims.
١٤14-ُ-وَمِنَAnd fromالْأَنْفَالِSurah Al-Anfalآيَةُ: the verse ofمُغَالَبَةِovercoming ofالْمُسْلِمِthe Muslimالْوَاحِدِsingleالْعَشَرَةَtenمِنَofالْكُفَّارِthe disbelievers
14 - And from Surah Al-Anfal: The verse of the single Muslim overcoming ten of the disbelievers:
قَوْلُهُHis statement-ُ-تَعَالَىthe Most High-َ-
His statement - the Most High -:
إِنْIfيَكُنْthere beمِنْكُمْamong youعِشْرُونَtwentyصَابِرُونَpatient onesالْآيَةُthe verse
"If there be of you twenty steadfast" the verse
مَنْسُوخَةٌis abrogatedبِالْآيَةِby the verseبَعْدَهَاafter it
is abrogated by the verse after it.