الْفَصْلُ
The chapterالرَّابِعُ
fourthThe fourth chapter
فِي
Inبَقِيَّةِ
the rest ofمَبَاحِثِ
discussions ofهَذَا
thisالْبَابِ
chapterIn the rest of the discussions of this chapter
وَهُوَ
And itيَشْتَمِلُ
comprisesعَلَى
onحَذْفِ
omission ofبَعْضِ
someالْأَجْزَاءِ
partsأَوْ
orأَدَوَاتِ
tools ofالْكَلَامِ
speechAnd it comprises the omission of some parts or tools of speech
الَّذِي
whichيُسَبِّبُ
causesالْخَفَاءَ
obscurityوَالْإِشْكَالَ
and ambiguitywhich causes obscurity and ambiguity,
وَكَذَلِكَ
and likewiseإِبْدَالُ
substitution ofشَيْءٍ
somethingand likewise the substitution of something,
وَتَقْدِيمُ
and putting forwardمَا
whatحَقُّهُ
its rightالتَّأْخِيرُ
is delayand putting forward what has the right to be delayed,
وَتَأْخِيرُ
and delayingمَا
whatحَقُّهُ
its rightالتَّقْدِيمُ
is priorityand delaying what has the right to be put forward,
وَاسْتِعْمَالُ
and the use ofالْمُتَشَابِهَاتِ
ambiguitiesوَالتَّعْرِيضَاتِ
and insinuationsوَالْكِنَايَاتِ
and metonymiesand the use of ambiguities, insinuations, and metonymies,
وَتَصْوِيرُ
and portrayingالْمَعْنَى
the meaningالْمُرَادِ
intendedبِالصُّورَةِ
by the imageالْمَحْسُوسَةِ
sensoryand portraying the intended meaning by the sensory image
الَّتِي
whichتَكُونُ
isمِنْ
fromلَوَازِمِ
necessities ofذَلِكَ
thatالْمَعْنَى
meaningعَادَةً
usuallywhich is usually among the necessities of that meaning,
وَهُوَ
and itمَا
whatيُسَمَّى
is calledبِالِاسْتِعَارَةِ
the implicit metaphorالْمَكْنِيَّةِ
impliedوَالْمَجَازِ
and the figurativeالْعَقْلِيِّ
rationaland it is what is called the implied metaphor and the rational trope.
فَلْنُعَرِّفْ
So let us defineهُنَا
hereبِبَعْضِ
someأَمْثِلَةِ
examples ofهَذِهِ
theseالْأَشْيَاءِ
thingsبِاخْتِصَارٍ
brieflySo let us define here some examples of these things briefly
حَتَّى
untilتَحْصُلَ
is achievedلِلْقَارِئِ
for the readerبَصِيرَةٌ
insightفِي
inهَذَا
thisالْمَوْضُوعِ
subjectso that insight into this subject is achieved for the reader.
[الْحَذْفُ]
[The Omission][The Omission]
أَمَّا
As forالْحَذْفُ
the omissionفَإِنَّهُ
then itيَنْقَسِمُ
is dividedإِلَى
intoعِدَّةِ
severalأَقْسَامٍ
sectionsAs for the omission, it is divided into several sections:
1 - Omission of the annexed
2 - Omission of the described
3 - Omission of the dependent
4 - Omission of other than that.
مِثَالُ
Example ofحَذْفِ
omission ofالْمُضَافِ
the annexed:Example of the omission of the annexed:
قَوْلُهُHis saying
- تَعَالَى -- Exalted is He -
:colon
{وَلَكِنَّ{And but
الْبِرَّrighteousness
مَنْis [the one] who
آمَنَ}believed}
الْآيَةُthe verse
His saying - Exalted is He -: {And righteousness is [the one] who believed} the verse.
أَيْ
Meaningبِرُّ
righteousness ofمَنْ
whoeverآمَنَ
believedMeaning: righteousness of whoever believed.