وَأَمَّاand as forالْقَسْمُthe divisionالثَّالِثُthe third
And as for the third division.
وَهُوَand it isمِنَfromأَعْرَاضِthose who turn awayعَنْfromعِبَادَةِthe worshipاللَّهِof Allahوَاسْتِعَانَتِهِand seeking help from Himبِهِwith Him
It is from those who turn away from the worship of Allah and seek help from Him.
فَهَؤُلَاءِIndeed, theseشَرٌّare the worstالْأَقْسَامُof the divisions.
Indeed, these are the worst of the divisions.
وَالْقَسْمُAnd the divisionالرَّابِعُthe fourthهُوَisالْقَسْمُthe divisionالْمَحْمُودُthat is praised.
And the fourth division is the one that is praised.
وَهُوَAnd it isحَالُthe stateالَّذِينَof those whoحَقَّقُواhave realizedإِيَّاكَYou aloneنَعْبُدُwe worshipوَإِيَّاكَand You aloneنَسْتَعِينُwe ask for help.
And it is the state of those who have realized 'You alone we worship and You alone we ask for help.'
وَقَوْلَهُand His sayingهُودَHudفاعْبُدْهُWorship Himوَتَوَكَّلْand put your trustعَلَيْهِin Him.
And His saying (Hud): 'Worship Him and put your trust in Him.'
فَاسْتَعَانُواSo they sought helpبِهِfrom HimعَلَىforطَاعَتِهِHis obedience.
So they sought help from Him for His obedience.
وَشَهِدُواAnd they bore witnessأَنَّهُthat He isإِلَٰهَهُمْtheir Godالَّذِيwhoلَاthere is notيَجُوزُpermissibleأَنtoيُعْبَدُواworshipإِلَّاexceptإِيَّاهُHim.
And they bore witness that He is their God, and that it is not permissible to worship except Him.
وَطَاعَةُAnd the obedienceرَسُولِهِof His Messenger.
And the obedience of His Messenger.
وَأَنَّهُAnd that He isرَبَّهُمtheir Lordالَّذِيwhoلَيْسَthere is notلَهُمfor themمِنَanyدُونِهِbesides Himوَلِيٌّa protectorوَلَاand noشَفِيعٌintercessor.
And that He is their Lord, who has no protector or intercessor besides Him.
وَأَنَّهُAnd that He isفَاطِرُthe Creator ofمَاwhatيَفْتَحُHe opensاللَّهُAllahلِلنَّاسِto the peopleمِنَofرَحْمَةٍmercy.
And that He is the Creator of what Allah opens to the people of mercy.
فَلَاSo there is notمُمْسِكٌone who holds backلَهَاitوَمَاand whateverيُمْسِكُHe holds backفَلَاthere is notمُرْسِلٌone who sends forthلَهُto itمِنْfromبَعْدِهِafter Him.
So there is not one who holds back it and whatever He holds back, there is not one who sends forth it from after Him.
يُونُسَYunusوَإِنْAnd ifيَمْسَسْكَHe touches youاللَّهُAllahبِضُرٍّwith harmفَلَاthen there is notكَاشِفٌَone who removesلَهُitإِلَّاexceptهُوَHe.
And if Allah touches you with harm, then there is not one who removes it except Him.
وَإِنْAnd ifيُرِدْكَHe intends for youبِخَيْرٍgoodفَلَاthen there is notرَادٌone who can repelلِفَضْلِهِHis grace.
And if He intends for you good, then there is not one who can repel His grace.
زُمَرٌAz-ZumarقُلْSay,أَفَرَأَيْتُمْHave you consideredمَاwhatتَدْعُونَyou invokeمِنْfromدُونِbesidesاللَّهِAllah.
Say, 'Have you considered what you invoke besides Allah?'
إِنَّIfأَرَادَنِيHe intends for meاللَّهُAllahبِضُرٍّwith harm,هَلcanهُنَّtheyكَاشِفَاتٌremoveضَرَّهُhis harm?
If Allah intends for me harm, can they remove his harm?
أَوْOrأَرَادَنِيHe intends for meبِرَحْمَةٍwith mercy,هَلcanهُنَّtheyمُمْسِكَاتٌhold backرَحْمَتِهِHis mercy?
Or if He intends for me mercy, can they hold back His mercy?
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonقَالَa groupطَائِفَةٌof scholarsمِنَthatالْعُلَمَاءِfrom amongst the scholarsالِالْتِفَاتَto turning away from the means.
And for this reason, a group of scholars said that turning away from the means is polytheism in the unity (of Allah).
وَمَحْوُAnd erasingالْأَسْبَابِthe causesأَنْto beتَكُونَcauses,نَقْصًاis a deficiencyفِيinالْعَقْلِthe mindوَالإِعْرَاضُand turning awayعَنْfromالْأَسْبَابِthe causes.
And the erasing of the causes to become causes is a deficiency in the mind, and turning away from the causes.
بِالْكُلِّيَّةِin totalقَدَحٌis a flawفِيinالشَّرْعِthe legislation.
Turning away from the causes entirely is a flaw in the legislation.
وَإِنَّمَاAnd rather,التَّوَكُّلُthe relianceالْمَأْمُورَthat is commandedبِهِis that whichمَاwhatيجْتَمِعُharmonizesفِيهِin itمُقَتَضَىthe requirements ofالتَّوْحِيدِthe unityوَالْعَقْلِand the intellectوَالشَّرْعِand the legislation.
And rather, the reliance that is commanded is that which harmonizes the requirements of the unity, the intellect, and the legislation.
فَقَدْIndeed,بَيَّنَit has been clarifiedأَنَّthatمَنwhoeverظَنَّthinksالتَّوَكُّلَthat relianceمِنْis fromمَقَامَاتِthe states ofعَامَّةِthe common peopleأَهْلِof the people of the pathالطَّرِيقِthe way.
Indeed, it has been clarified that whoever thinks that reliance is from the states of the common people of the people of the path has made a severe mistake.
فَقَدْIndeed,غَلَطَhe has made a mistakeغَلَطًاwronglyشَدِيدًاsevere.
He has made a mistake severely.
وَإِنْAnd ifكَانَit isمِنْfromأَعْيَانِthe notableالْمَشَايِخِof the scholars.
And if it is from the notable scholars.
كَصَاحِبِLike the author ofعِلَلِthe flaws ofالمَقَامَاتِthe states.
Like the author of the flaws of the states.
وَهُوَAnd he isمِنْfromأَجْلِthe respect ofالْمَشَايِخِthe scholars.
And he is from the respect of the scholars.
وَأَخَذَAnd he tookذَلِكَthatعَنْهُfrom him.
And he took that from him.
صَاحِبِThe author ofمَحَاسِنِthe virtues ofالْمَجَالِسِthe gatherings.
The author of the virtues of the gatherings.
وَأَظْهَرَAnd he showedضَعْفَthe weaknessحُجَّتِهِof his argument.
And he showed the weakness of his argument.
فَمَنSo whoeverقَالَsaysذَلِكَthatقَالَhe saysإِنَّIndeed,الْمَطْلُوبَthe sought afterبِهِindicated by itحَظُّis a portionالْعَامَّةِof the common people.
So whoever says that, he says that the sought after indicated by it is a portion of the common people.
فَقَطonly.
Only.
وَظَنَّهُAnd he thought thatلَاthere is noفَائِدَةٍbenefit for himلَهُin attainingفِيtheتَحْصِيلِacquisition ofالْمَقْصُودِthe desired.
And he thought that there is no benefit for him in attaining the desired.
وَهَذِهِAnd thisحَالٌstateمِنْof those whoجَعَلَmadeالدُّعَاءَthe supplicationكَذَلِكَlike that.
And this is the state of those who made their supplication like that.
وَذَلِكَAnd that isبِمَنْزِلَةٍin the position ofمَنْone whoجَعَلَmadeالْأَعْمَالِthe actionsالْمَأْمُورِthat are requiredبِهَاby themكَذَلِكَlike that,كَمَنْlike one whoاشْتَغَلَoccupies himselfبِالتَّوَكُّلِby relianceعَنْfromمَاwhatيَجِبُis requiredعَلَيْهِمon themمِنfromالْأَسْبَابِthe meansالَّتِيwhichهِيَisعِبَادَةُthe worship ofاللَّهِAllahوَطَاعَةٌand obedienceمَأْمُورٌcommandedبِهَاby it.
And that is in the position of one who made the required actions like that, like one who occupies himself by reliance from what is required of them from the means which is the worship of Allah and the obedience commanded by it.
فَإِنَّIndeed,غَلَطَhe made a mistakeهَذَاthisمِنْfromتَرْكِleaving offالْأَسْبَابِthe means.
Indeed, he made a mistake this from leaving off the means.
الْمَأْمُورِthe commandedبِهَاby them.
The commanded by them.
الَّتِيWhichهِيَisدَاخِلَةٌincluded
Which is included.
فِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingهُودَHud.فاعْبُدْهُWorship Him.وَتَوَكَّلْAnd put your trustعَلَيْهِin Him.
In His saying (Hud): 'Worship Him and put your trust in Him.'
لَكِنButيُقَالُit is said thatمَنْwhoeverكَانَisتَوَكُّلهُhis relianceعَلَىonاللَّهِAllahوَدعَاؤُهُand his supplication to Him.هُوَisفِيinحُصُولِthe attainment ofمُبَاحَاتٍthe permissible.
But it is said that whoever relies on Allah and calls upon Him is in the attainment of the permissible.
فَهُوَHe isمِنْfromالْعَامَّةِthe common people.
He is from the common people.
وَإِنْAnd ifكَانَit isفِيinحُصُولِthe attainment ofمَسْتَحَبَّاتٍthe recommendedوَوَاجِبَاتٍand obligatory,فَهُوَhe isمِنfromالْخَاصَّةِthe special.
And if it is in the attainment of the recommended and obligatory, he is from the special.
كَمَاJust asأَنَّthose whoدَعَاهُcall upon Himوَتَوَكَّلُواand put their trustعَلَيْهِin Him.
Just as those who call upon Him and put their trust in Him.
فِيInحُصُولِthe attainment ofمُحَرَّمَاتٍthe prohibitedفَهُوَhe isظَالِمٌwronging himself.
In the attainment of the prohibited, he is wronging himself.
وَمَنAnd whoeverأَعْرَضَturns awayعَنfromالتَّوَكُّلِthe relianceفَهُوَhe isعَاصٍa sinnerلِلَّهِto Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messenger.
And whoever turns away from the reliance, he is a sinner to Allah and His Messenger.
بَلْRather,خَارِجٌhe is outsideعَنْofحَقِيقَةِthe reality ofالْإِيمَانِthe faith.
Rather, he is outside of the reality of faith.
فَكَيْفَSo howيَكُونُcan beهَذَاthisالْمَقَامُstateلِلْخَاصَةِfor the special?
So how can this state be for the special?
قَالَAllah saidتَعَالَىexalted is He,يُونُسُYunus.
Allah said, exalted is He, Yunus.
وَقَالَAnd He saidمُوسَىMosesيَاOقَوْمِيmy people,إِنَّifكُنْتُمْyou areآمَنْتُمْbelieversبِاللَّهِin Allah,فَعَلَيْهِthen on Himتَوَكَّلُواput your trust.
And He said, Moses: 'O my people, if you are believers in Allah, then put your trust on Him.'
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَىexalted is He,آلْعِمْرَانِAali Imran,إِنifيَنْصُرْكُمHe helps youاللَّهُAllah,فَلَاthen there is notغَالِبٌa conquerorلَكُمْfor you.وَإِنAnd ifيَخْذُلْكُمHe forsakes you,فَمَنْthen whoذَاisالَّذِيthe one whoيَنْصُرُكُمcan help youمِنfromبَعْدِهِafter Him.
And He said, exalted is He, in Aali Imran: 'If Allah helps you, then there is not a conqueror for you. And if He forsakes you, then who is the one who can help you after Him?'
وَقَالَAnd He saidإِبْرَاهِيمُIbrahim,وَعَلَىand onاللَّهِAllahفَلْيَتَوَكَّلِlet the believers rely.
And He said, Ibrahim: 'And let the believers rely on Allah.'