fiqh al akbar

Page 114

يَعْنِيit meansالسُّورَthe chapterوَيَضُمُّهَاand includes itوَلِهَذَاand for thisسُمِّيَit is calledقُرْآنًاQuranفَيَكُونُso it isبِمَعْنَىin the sense ofاسْمٍthe name of

It means the chapter and includes it, and for this reason, it is called 'Quran', so it is in the sense of the name of the doer.

وَيَجُوزُand it is permissibleأَنْ يَكُونَthat it may beالْقُرْآنُthe Quranبِمَعْنَىin the sense ofالْمَقْرُوءِthe read (word)وَلِأَنَّهُand because it isيُقْرَأُreadوَيُتْلَىand recited

And it is permissible that the Quran may be in the sense of the read (word), and because it is read and recited.

فَيَكُونُso it isالْمَصْدَرُthe sourceبِمَعْنَىin the sense ofاسْمٍthe name ofالْمَفْعُولِthe objectوَالْمُرَادُand what is meantبِهِby itهَهُنَاhereكَلَامُthe speechاللَّهِof Godتَعَالَىthe ExaltedالَّذِيwhichهُوَisصِفَتُهُHis attributeلَاnotالْمُنظُومُthe composedالْعَرَبِيِّArabicوَقِيلَand it was saidهُوَit isالنَّظْمُthe arrangementوَالْمَعْنَىand the meaningجَمِيعًاall together(فِي(inالْمُصَاحِفِthe scrollsمَكْتُوبٍ)written)جَمْعَthe pluralمُصْحَفٍof scrollبِضَمِّwith a shaddahالْمِيمِthe letter 'M'

So it is the source in the sense of the name of the object, and what is meant by it here is the Speech of Allah, the Exalted, which is His attribute, not the composed Arabic; and it was said it is the arrangement and the meaning all together (in the scrolls written) the plural of scroll with the letter 'M' having a shaddah.

أَنْthatكَلَامَthe speechاللَّهِof Godتَعَالَىthe Exaltedالَّذِيwhichصِفَتُهُis His attributeتَعَالَىthe Exaltedمَكْتُوبٌis writtenفِيinالْمُصَاحِفِthe scrollsبِوَاسِطَةِby means ofالْحُرُوفِthe lettersوَفِيand inالْقُلُوبِthe heartsمَحْفُوظَةً)preserved)أَيthat isبِالْأَلْفَاظِby the wordsالْمُخَيْلَةِimaginedوَعَلَىand onالأَلْسِنَةِthe tonguesمَقْرُوءٌ)read)أَيthat isبِالْحُرُوفِby the lettersالْمَلْفُوظَةِpronouncedالْمَسْمُوعَةِheardوَعَلَىand onالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetعَلَيْهِupon himالصَّلَاةِthe prayerوَالسَّلاَمِand peaceمُنَزَّلٌis revealedأَيthat isبِالْحُرُوفِby the lettersالْمَلْفُوظَةِpronouncedالْمَسْمُوعَةِheardبِوَاسِطَةِby means ofالْمَلَكِthe Angel

That is, the Speech of Allah, the Exalted, is written in the scrolls by means of the letters, and in the hearts it is preserved (that is, by the words imagined), and on the tongues it is read (that is, by the pronounced letters heard), and upon the Prophet, peace and prayers be upon him, it is revealed (that is, by the pronounced letters heard by the Angel).

وَلَفْظُنَاand we pronouncedأَيْthat isتَلَفُّظُنَاwe utteredبِالْقُرْآنِthe Quranمَخْلُوقٌcreatedوَكِتَابَتُنَاand our writingلَهُfor itمَخْلُوقَةٌis createdوَقِرَاءَتُنَاand our recitingلَهُfor itمَخْلُوقَةٌis createdلِأَنَّbecauseذَٰلِكَthatكُلَّهُall of itمِنْis ofأَفْعَالِنَاour actionsوَأَفْعَالُنَاand our actionsكُلُّهَاare allمَخْلُوقَةٌcreatedبِتَخْلِيقِby the creation ofاللَّهِGodتَعَالَىthe Exalted

And we pronounced, that is, we uttered the Quran, is created; and our writing for it is created; and our reciting for it is created because all of that is of our actions, and all our actions are created by the creation of God, the Exalted.

وَالْقُرْآنُand the Quranأَيْthat isكَلَامٌthe speechاللَّهِof Godتَعَالَىthe Exaltedغَيْرُnotمَخْلُوقٌcreated

And the Quran, that is, the Speech of God, the Exalted, is not created.

وَالْحُرُوفُand the lettersوَالْكَاغِدُand the paperوَالْكِتَابَةُand the writingكُلَّهَاallمَخْلُوقَةٌare createdلِأَنَّهَاbecause they areأَفْعَالٌactionsالْعِبَادُthe servantsكَالأَشْيَاءِlike the things

And the letters and the paper and the writing, all are created because they are actions of the servants, like the things.

وَمَعْنَىand the meaningالشَّيْءِthe thingالثَّابِتُthe establishedبِلاwithoutجِسْمٍa bodyوَلَاnorجَوْهَرٍessenceوَلَاnorعَرَضٍaccidentوَلَاnorحَدٍّlimitلَهُfor itوَلَاnorضِدٍّoppositeلَهُfor itوَلَاnorنَدٍّequalلَهُfor itوَلَاnorمِثْلٍsimilarلَهُfor itوَلَهُand for itيَدٌis a handوَجْهٌand a faceوَنَفْسٌand a soulكَمَاasذَكَرَهُmentionedاللَّهُGodتَعَالَىthe Exaltedفِيinالْقُرْآنِthe Quran'}]},

And the meaning of the thing is the established without a body, nor an essence, nor an accident, nor a limit for it, nor an opposite for it, nor equal for it, nor like it; and for it there is a hand, a face, and a soul as mentioned by God, the Exalted, in the Quran.

فَمَاSo whateverذُكِرَهُmentionedاللَّهُGodتَعَالَىthe Exaltedفِيinالْقُرْآنِthe Quranفَهُوَit isحَقٌّtruthكُلُّallذَٰلِكَthatأَيْthat isحَقٌّtruthبِلَاwithoutشُبْهَةٍdoubt

So whatever is mentioned by God, the Exalted, in the Quran, it is the truth; all that is the truth without doubt.