مُقْتَضَاهَا،its necessity,بِحَسَبِaccording toالزِّيَادَةِthe increaseلَيْسَتْis notمُجَرَّدَjustالتَّصْدِيقِthe affirmationبِأَنْthatاللَّهَAllahأَنْزَلَهَاhas revealed itبَلْbutزَادَتْهُمْit increased themإِيمَانًاin faith.
Its necessity, according to the increase, is not just the affirmation that Allah has revealed it but that it increased their faith.
فَإِنَّFor ifكَانَتْit wasأَمْرًاan orderبِالْجِهَادِfor jihadأَوْorغَيْرَهُother thingsازْدَادُواthey increasedرَغْبَةًin desireوَإِنْand ifكَانَتْit wasنَهْيًاa prohibitionعَنْagainstشَيْءٍsomethingانْتَهُواthey refrainedعَنْهُfrom itفَكَرِهُوهُ،they disliked it.
For if it was an order for jihad or other things, they increased in desire, and if it was a prohibition against something, they refrained from it and disliked it.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonقَالَ:He said:﴿وَهُمْAnd theyيَسْتَبْشِرُونَrejoice.وَالِاسْتِبْشَارُAnd the rejoicingغَيْرُis notمُجَردُjustالتَّصْدِيقِ،the affirmation,
And for this reason, He said: "And they rejoice. And the rejoicing is not just the affirmation.
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَى:exalted be He:﴿وَالَّذِينَAnd thoseأَيْنَهُمُof whomالْكِتَابَthe bookيَفْرَحُونَrejoiceبِمَاwith whatأُنزِلَhas been revealedإِلَيْكَto youوَمِنَand amongالْأَحْزَابِthe factionsمَنis one whoيُنْكِرُdeniesبَعْضًاsome
And He said, exalted be He: "And those of the book rejoice in what has been revealed to you, and among the factions is one who denies some.
﴾)[الرَّعْدِ:(Ar-Ra'd: 36)]]وَالْفَرَحُAnd the rejoicingذَٰلِكَthatمِنْis fromزِيَادَةِthe increaseالإِيمَانِ،of faith,قَالَHe saidتَعَالَى:exalted be He:(قُلْ(Sayبِفَضْلِwith the bountyاللَّهِof Allahوَبِرَحْمَتِهِand His mercy.فَبِذَٰلِكَSo in thatفَلْيَفْرَحُواlet them rejoice.﴾)[يُونُسَ:(Yunus: 58)]]
And the rejoicing in that is from the increase of faith, and He said, exalted be He: "(Say) with the bounty of Allah and His mercy, so let them rejoice."
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَى:exalted be He:﴿وَيَوْمَئِذٍAnd on that dayيَفْرَحُthe believers will rejoiceالْمُؤْمِنُونَin the victory of Allah.بِنَصْرِby the victoryاللَّهِof Allah.﴾)[الرُّومِ](Ar-Rum)وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَى:exalted be He:﴿وَمَاAnd We have notجَعَلْنَاmadeأَصْعَبَthe hardestالنَّارِof the Fireإِلَّاexceptمَلَائِكَةًthe Angels.وَمَاAnd We have notجَعَلْنَاmadeعِدَّتَهُمْtheir numberإِلَّاexceptفِتْنَةًa testلِلَّذِينَfor those whoكَفَرُواdisbelieved.لِيَسْتَيْقِنَSo that they may be certainالَّذِينَthose whoأُوتُواwere givenالْكِتَابَthe bookوَيَزْدَادَand to increaseالَّذِينَthe believers.آمَنُواin faith.أَيْضًاalso.
And He said, exalted be He: "And We have not made the hardest of the Fire except for the Angels. And We have not made their number except a test for those who disbelieved, so that they may be certain: those who were given the Book will increase in faith.
المُدَّثِّرِ(Al-Muddathir: 31)وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَى:exalted be He:﴿هُوَHe isالَّذِيthe One whoأَنزَلَsent downالسَّكِينَةَthe tranquilityفِيinقُلُوبِthe hearts ofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believers.لِيَزْدَادُواSo that they may increaseإِيمَانًاin faith.مَعَwithإِيتَائِهِم)their provisions.[الْفَتْحِ:[Al-Fath: 4]وَهَذِهِAnd thisنَزَلَتْwas revealedلَمَّاwhenرَجَعَhe returnedالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetﷺ(peace be upon him)وَأَصْحَابَهُand his companionsمِنْfromالْحُدَيْبِيَةِ،Al-Hudaybiyyah,فَجَعَلَHe madeالسَّكِينَةَthe tranquilityمُوجِبَةًan obligationلِزِيَادَةِfor an increaseالإِيمَانِin faith.وَالسَّكِينَةُAnd the tranquilityطُمَأْنِينَةٌis assuranceفِيinالْقَلْبِthe heart.غَيْرُnot asعِلْمٍknowledgeالْقَلْبِof the heartوَتَصْدِيقٍand its affirmation.
And He said, exalted be He: "He is the One who sent down the tranquility in the hearts of the believers so that they may increase in faith with their provisions. This was revealed when the Prophet (peace be upon him) and his companions returned from Al-Hudaybiyyah. He made the tranquility an obligation for an increase in faith, and the tranquility is assurance in the heart, not just knowledge of the heart and its affirmation.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonقَالَHe saidيَوْمَon the dayحُنَيْنٍ:of Hunayn:ثُمَّThenأَنزَلَHe sent downاللَّهُAllahسَكِينَتَهُHis tranquilityعَلَىuponرَسُولِهِHis Messengerوَعَلَىand uponالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believers.وَأَنزَلَAnd He sent downجُنُودًاsoldiersلَمْthat did notتَرَوْهَا)see them.[التُّوبَةِ:(At-Tawbah: 26)وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَى:exalted be He:﴿ثَانِيَ(Second ofاثْنَيْنِthe two)إِذْwhenهُمَاthey wereفِيinالْغَارِthe cave,إِذْwhenيَقُولُhe saidلِصَاحِبِهِto his companionلَاdo notتَحْزَنْgrieve.إِنَّIndeedاللَّهَAllahمَعَنَاis with us.فَأَنزَلَSo He sent downاللَّهُAllahسَكِينَتَهُHis tranquility upon himوَأَيَّدَهُand supported himبِجُنُودٍwith armiesلَمْthat did notتَرَوْهَاsee them.﴾)[التُّوبَةِ:(At-Tawbah: 40)وَلَمْAnd did notيَكُنthereقَدalreadyنَزَلَrevealيَوْمَthe dayحُنَيْنٍof Hunaynقُرْآنٌa Quranوَلَاnorيَوْمَthe dayالْغَارِ،of the cave,وَإِنَّمَاbutأَنزَلَHe sent downسَكِينَتَهُHis tranquilityوَطُمَأْنِينَتَهُand His assuranceمِنْfromخَوْفِfearالْعَدُوِّ،the enemy,فَلَمَّاSo whenأَنزَلَHe sent downالسَّكِينَةَthe tranquilityفِيinقُلُوبِهِمْtheir heartsمَرْجِعَهُمْtheir returnمِنْfromالْحُدَيْبِيَةِ،Al-Hudaybiyyah,لِيَزْدَادُواto increaseإِيمَانًاin faithمَعَwithإِيمَانِهِمْ،their faith,دَلَّindicatesعَلَىthatالإِيمَانَfaithالْمَزِيدَincreasedحَالٌis a stateلِلْقُلُوبِ،for the hearts,وَصِفَةٌand a qualityلَهَا.for it.وَعَمَلٌAnd actionمِثْلُlikeطُمَأْنِينَتِهَاits tranquilityوَسُكُونِهَاand its calmnessوَيَقِينِهَاand its certainty.وَالْيَقِينُAnd certaintyقَدmayيَكُونَexistبِالْعَمَلِthrough actionوَالطُّمَأْنِينَةِand tranquilityكَمَاasيَكُونَit isبِالْعِلْمِ،with knowledge,وَالْرَّيْبُand doubtالْمُنَافِيwhich contradictsلِلْيَقِينِ،certainty,يَكُونُmay beرَيْبًاdoubt.فِيinالْعِلْمِknowledgeوَرَيْبًاand doubtفِيinطُمَأْنِينَةِtranquilityالْقَلْبِ،of the heart,وَلِهَذَاand for this reasonجَاءَcameفِيinالدُّعَاءِthe supplicationالْمَأْثُور:the cited:«اللَّهُمَّO Allah,اقْسِمْdivide to usلَنَاfor usمِنْfromخَشْيَتِكَYour fearمَاwhatتَحُولُhindersبِهِbetweenبَيْنَنَاusوَبَيْنَand betweenمَعَاصِيكَ،Your disobedience,وَمِنْand fromطَاعَتِكَYour obedienceمَاwhatتُبَلِّغُنَاYou grant usبِهِby itجَنَّتَكَ،Your Jannah,وَمِنْand fromالْيَقِينِthe certaintyمَاwhatتُهَوِّنُmakes lightبِهِof it
And for this reason, He said on the day of Hunayn: Then Allah sent down His tranquility upon His Messenger and the believers, and sent down soldiers that they did not see." (At-Tawbah: 26) And He said, exalted be He: "Second of the two when they were in the cave, when he said to his companion 'Do not grieve, indeed Allah is with us.' So Allah sent down His tranquility upon him and supported him with armies that they did not see. (At-Tawbah: 40). And did not there already come down a Quran on the day of Hunayn or the day of the cave, but He sent down His tranquility and assurance from the fear of the enemy. So when He sent down the tranquility in their hearts of their return from Al-Hudaybiyyah, to increase them in faith with their faith, it indicates that the increased faith is a state for the hearts, and a quality for it, and action like its tranquility and its calmness and certainty. And certainty may exist through action and tranquility as it exists through knowledge, and the doubts that contradict certainty can be doubts in knowledge and doubts in the tranquility of the heart. And for this reason, it came in the cited supplication: "O Allah, divide to us fromYour fear what hinders between us and Your disobedience, and from Your obedience what You would grant us with Your Jannah, and from the certainty that makes light of the calamities of this world."
وَفِيAnd inالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالصِّدِّيقِof the truthfulالَّذِيwhichرَوَاهُwas narratedأَحْمَدُby Ahmadوَالتُّرْمِذِيُّand At-Tirmidhiوَغَيْرُهُمَاand othersعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetﷺ(peace be upon him)أَنَّهُthat he said﴾)
And in the hadith of the truthful which was narrated by Ahmad and At-Tirmidhi and others from the Prophet (peace be upon him) that he said.