الأَعْمَالُThe actionsالظَّاهِرَةُmanifestكَمَاasفِيinالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالْمَعْرُوفِknownالَّذِيwhichرَوَاهُwas narrated byأَحْمَدُAhmadعَنْaboutبَهْزٍBahzبِـbinحَكِيمٍHakimعَنْaboutأَبِيهِhis fatherعَنْaboutجَدِّهِhis grandfatherأَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaidوَاللَّهُBy GodيَاOرَسُولَMessengerاللَّهِof GodمَاnotأَتَيْتُكَI came to youحَتَّىuntilحَلَفْتُI sworeعَدَدَthe numberأَصَابِعِيof my fingers
The actions manifest as in the known hadith narrated by Ahmad about Bahz bin Hakim from his father from his grandfather that he said: By God, O Messenger of God, I did not come to you until I swore the number of my fingers.
هَذِهِTheseأَنْthatلَاnotأَأْتِيَكَI come to youفَبِالَّذِيSo, by Himبَعَثَكَwho sent youبِالْحَقِّwith the truthمَاwhatالَّذِيwhichبَعَثَكَsent youبِهِ؟with it?قَالَ:He said:«الإِسْلَامُ»‘Islam.’
These that I will not come to you, so, by Him who sent you with the truth, what is it that He sent you with? He said: 'Islam.'
قَالَHe said:مَاWhatالإِسْلَامُ؟is Islam?قَالَ:He said:أَنْThatتُسَلِّمَyou submitقَلْبَكَyour heartلِلَّهِto Godوَأَنْand thatتُوَجِّهَyou directوَجْهَكَyour faceإِلَىtowardاللَّهِ،God,وَأَنْand thatتُصَلِّيَyou prayالصَّلَاةَthe prayerالْمَكْتُوبَةَ،obligatory,وَتُؤَدِّيَand you giveالزَّكَاةَthe zakahالْمَفْرُضَةَ.obligatory.أَخَوَانِtwo brothersنَصِيرَانِthey support each otherلَاnotيَقْبَلُacceptsاللَّهُGodمِنْfromعَبْدٍa servantأَشْرَكَassociateبَعْدَafterإِسْلَامِهِhis Islam.
He said: What is Islam? He said: That you submit your heart to God and direct your face toward Allah, and that you pray the obligatory prayer and pay the obligatory zakah. Two brothers support each other; God does not accept from a servant who associates after his Islam.
وَفِيAnd inرِوَايَةٍone narrationقَالَ:he said:«أَنْ‘Thatتَقُولَ:you say:أَسْلَمْتُI have submittedوَتَخَلَّيْتُ،and I have freed myself,وَتُقِيمَand you establishالصَّلَاةَ،the prayer,وَتُؤْتِيَand you giveالزَّكَاةَ،the zakah,وَكُلَّand everyمُسْلِمٍMuslimعَلَىoverمُسْلِمٍMuslimمُحَرَّمٌ،is forbidden,’وَفِيAnd inلَفْظٍa wordingتَقُولَyou say:أَسْلَمْتُI have submittedنَفْسِيmyselfلِلَّهِto Godوَخَلَّيْتُand I have freedوَجْهِيmy faceإِلَيْهِ .to Him.
And in another narration, he said: ‘That you say: I have submitted, I have freed myself, and you establish the prayer, and you give the zakah, and every Muslim over another Muslim is forbidden.’ And in another wording, you say: ‘I have submitted my soul to God and freed my face to Him.’
وَجْهِيmy faceلِلَّهِto GodوَرَوَىAnd narratedمُحَمَّدٌMuhammadبْنَbinنَصْرٍNasrمِنْfromحَدِيثٍthe hadithخَالِدٍKhalidبْنَbinمَعْدَانَMa’danعَنْaboutأَبِيthe father ofهُرَيْرَةَHurayraقَالَ:he said:قَالَHe saidرَسُولُthe Messengerاللَّهِ ﷺ:of God (peace be upon him):«إِنَّ‘Indeedلِلْإِسْلَامِfor Islamصُوًىmarkersوَمَنَارًّاand beaconsكَمَنَارَةِlike a beaconالطَّرِيقِ،of the road,وَمِنْand fromذَلِكَthatأَنْthatتَعْبُدَyou worshipاللَّهَGodوَلَاand notتُشْرِكَassociateبِهِwith Himشَيْئًا،anything,وَأَنْand thatتُقِيمَyou establishالصَّلَاةَthe prayerوَتُؤْتِيَand you giveالزَّكَاةَ،the zakah,وَتَصُومَand you fastرَمَضَانَ،the month of Ramadan,وَالْأَمْرَand the commandبِالْمَعْرُوفِfor good conductوَالنَّهْيَand the forbiddingعَنْfromالْمُنكَرِ،evil,وَتُسَلِّمَand greetعَلَىuponبَنِيthe children ofآدَمَAdamإِذَاifلَقِيتَهُمْ،you meet them,فَإِنْifرَدُّواthey respondعَلَيْكَ،to you,رَدَّتْthe angels respondعَلَيْكَto youوَعَلَيْهِمْand upon themالْمَلَائِكَةُ،the angels,وَإِنْand ifلَمْnotيَرُدُّواthey do not respondعَلَيْكَto youرَدَّتْthe angels respondعَلَيْكَto youوَاللَّعَنَهُمْand curse themإِنْifسَكَّتَّyou are silentعَنْهُمْ،about them,وَتَسْلِيمُكَand your greetingعَلَىtoأَهْلِthe people ofبَيْتِكَyour houseإِذَاifدَخَلْتَyou enterعَلَيْهُمْ،upon them,فَمَنwhoeverانتَقَصَdemeansمِنْهُمْfrom themشَيْئًا،anything,فَهُوَhe isسَهْمٌa shareفِيinالإِسْلَامِ،Islam,تَرَكَهُleaving it.
And Muhammad bin Nasr narrated from the hadith of Khalid bin Ma’dan about Abu Huraira, who said: The Messenger of God (peace be upon him) said: ‘Indeed for Islam there are markers and beacons like the beacons of the road, and among them is that you worship God and do not associate anything with Him, and that you establish the prayer and give the zakah, and fast Ramadan, and command good and forbid evil, and greet the children of Adam when you meet them. If they respond to you, the angels respond to you and upon them; if they do not respond to you, the angels respond to you and curse them if you are silent about them. And your greeting to the people of your house when you enter upon them; whoever demeans anything from them, he has cast a share in Islam, leaving it.
وَقَدْAnd hasقَالَsaidتَعَالَى؛the Exalted;يَاOالَّذِينَthose whoءَامَنُواhave believedادْخُلُواenterفِيintoالسَّلاَمِpeaceكَافَّةً﴾all.’
And the Exalted has said: ‘O those who have believed, enter into peace all.’
[البقرة[Al-Baqarah::۲۰۸]208].قَالَHe saidمُجَاهِدٌMujahidوَقَتَادَةُand Qatadaنَزَلَتْwas revealedفِيinالْمُسْلِمِينَthe Muslimsيَأْمُرُهُمْcommanding themبِالْدُخُولِto enterفِيintoشَرَائِعِthe lawsالإِسْلَامِof Islamكُلِّهَا،all,وَهَذَاand thisلَاdoes notيُنَافِيcontradictقَوْلَthe sayingمَنْof those whoقَالَ:said:نَزَلَتْit was revealedفِيمنabout whoeverأَسْلَمَhas believedمِنْfromأَهْلِthe people ofالْكِتَابِthe Bookأَوْorفِيمنwhoeverلَمْdid notيُسْلِمُ،believe,لِأَنَّforهَؤُلَاءِtheseكُلَّهُمْall areمَأْمُورُونَcommandedأَيْضًاalsoبِذَلِكَ،with this,وَالْجُمْهُورُand the majorityيَقُولُونَ:say:(فِي‘Inالسَّلاَمِpeaceأَيْthat isفِيinالإِسْلَامِIslamوَقَالَand they saidطَائِفَةٌa groupهُوَisالطَّاعَةُ،obedience,وَكِلاَهُمَاand bothمَأْثُورَانِare narratedعَنْfromابْنِIbnعَبَّاسٍ،Abbas,وَكِلاَهُمَاand bothحَقٌّ،are true,فَإِنَّfor verilyالإِسْلَامَIslamهُوَisالطَّاعَةُobedienceكَمَاasتَقَدَّمَhas precededأَنَّهُthat itمِنْis fromبَابِthe category ofالأَعْمَالِ.actions.
And the Exalted has stated: ‘O those who have believed, enter into peace all.’ Mujahid and Qatada said it was revealed about the Muslims commanding them to enter into all the laws of Islam. This does not contradict the saying of those who said it was revealed about those who have believed from the people of the Book or about those who did not believe, for all these are also commanded with this. And the majority say: ‘In peace’ means ‘in Islam.’ A group said it is obedience, and both are narrated from Ibn Abbas, and both are true, for verily Islam is obedience as has preceded that it is from the category of actions.