اللَّهُGodعَلَيْهَاupon themبِكُفْرِهِمْdue to their disbeliefفَلَاso do notيُؤْمِنُونَthey believeإِلَّاexceptقَلِيلًاa little
God has marked them for their disbelief, so they do not believe except for a little.
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَىMost HighوَمِنْهُمْAnd among themمَنْthere areيَسْتَمِعُthose who listenإِلَيْكَto youحَتَّىuntilإِذَاwhenخَرَجُواthey go outمِنْfromعِندِكَwith youقَالُواthey sayلِلَّذِينَto those whoأُوتُواhave been givenالعِلْمَknowledgeمَاذَاwhatقَالَhe saidوَائِفًاwhile waitingأُوْلَيْكَThose areالَّذِينَthe ones whoطَبَعَGod sealedعَلَىonقُلُوبِهِمْtheir heartsوَاتَّبَعُواand they followedأَهْوَاءَهُمْtheir desires.
And He said: Among them are those who listen to you, but when they leave you, they say to those who have been given knowledge, 'What did he say?' They are the ones whose hearts God has sealed, and they follow their desires.
وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd likewiseقَالُواthey saidيَشْعَيْبُShu'aybمَاWhatنَفْقَهُwe understandكَثِيرًاmuchمِّمَّاof whatتَقُولُyou say.
And likewise, they said: 'O Shu'ayb, we do not understand much of what you say.'
قَالَHe saidوَلَوْAnd ifعَلِمَHe knewاللَّهُGodفِيهِمْin themخَيْرًاgoodلَأَسْمَعَهُمْHe would have made them hear.
He said: 'And if God had known in them any good, He would have made them hear.'
أَيThat isلَأُفَهِّمَهُمْto make them understandمَاwhatسَمِعُوهُthey heard.
That is, to make them understand what they heard.
ثُمَّThenقَالَHe saidوَلَوْAnd ifأَفْهَمَهُمْHe had made them understandمَعَwithهَذِهِthisالْحَالِconditionالَّتِيthat they are inهُمْtheyعَلَيْهَاupon itلَتَوَلَّوْاsurely they would have turned awayوَهُمْwhile theyمُعْرِضُونَare disinterested.
Then He said: 'And if He had made them understand in this condition they are in, they would have surely turned away while they are disinterested.'
فَقَدْIndeedفَسَدَتْcorruptedفِطْرَتُهُمْtheir nature.
Indeed, their nature has been corrupted.
فَلَمْSo they did notيَفْهَمُواunderstandوَلَوْand ifفَهِمُواthey had understoodلَمْthey would notيَعْمَلُواact.
So they did not understand, and if they had understood, they would not have acted.
فَنَفَىSo He negatedعَنْهُمْfrom themصِحَّةَthe validityالْقُوَّةِof the powerالعِلْمِيَّةِof knowledge.
So He negated the validity of the power of knowledge from them.
وَصِحَّةَAnd the validityالْقُوَّةِof the powerالْعَمَلِيَّةِof action.
And the validity of the power of action.
وَقَالَAnd He saidأَمْDo you thinkتَحْسَبُthatأَنَّmost ofأَكْثَرَهُمْthemيَسْمَعُونَthey hearأَوْorيَعْقِلُونَunderstand?
And He said: 'Do you think that most of them hear or understand?'
إِنَّهُمْIndeedإِلَّاthey areكَالْأَنْعَامِlike the cattle.بَلْRatherهُمْthey areأَضَلُّmore astrayسَبِيلًاin their way.
Indeed, they are only like the cattle, rather they are more astray in their way.
وَقَالَAnd He saidوَلَقَدْAnd indeedذَرَأْنَاWe have createdلِجَهَنَّمَfor Hellكَثِيرًاmanyمِّنَfromالْجِنِّthe jinnوَالْإِنسِand mankind.
And indeed, We have created many from the jinn and mankind for Hell.
لَهُمْFor themقُلُوبٌheartsلَاthat do notيَفْقَهُونَunderstand.بِهَاwith themوَهُمْand theyأَعْيُنٌhave eyesلَاthat do notيُبْصِرُونَsee.بِهَاwith themوَلَهُمْFor themآذَانٌearsلَاthat do notيَسْمَعُونَhear.بِهَاwith them.أُوْلَـئِكَThose areكَالأَنْعَامِlike the cattle.بَلْRatherهُمْthey areأَضَلُّmore astrayأُوْلَـئِكَThose areهُمُthey areالْغَفِلُونَthe heedless.
For them are hearts that do not understand, and they have eyes that do not see, and they have ears that do not hear. Those are like the cattle; rather, they are more astray. Those are indeed the heedless.
وَقَالَAnd He saidوَمَثَلُAnd the example ofالَّذِينَthose whoكَفَرُواdisbelievedكَـمَثَلِis like the example ofالَّذِيthe one whoيَنْعِقُcallsبِمَاto whatلَاnotيَسْمَعُhearsإِلَّاexceptدُعَاهُhis call.وَيَدَاهُAnd his hands areهُمْ بُكُمٌdumb.عَنْهُfor him.فَهُمْSo theyلَاdo notيَعْقِلُونَunderstand.
And the example of those who disbelieve is like the example of the one who calls to that which he does not hear except a call; and his hands are dumb, so they do not understand.
وَقَالَAnd He saidعَنْaboutالْمُنَافِقِينَthe hypocrites.هُمْThey areبُكْمٌdumb,عُمْيٌblind,فَهُمْso theyلَاdo notيَرْجِعُونَreturn.
They are dumb and blind, so they do not return.
وَمِنَAnd amongالنَّاسِthe peopleمَنْare those whoيَقُولُونَsay:لِمَاذَاWhyلَمْdid notيَنتَفِعُواthey benefitبِالسَّمْعِfrom hearingوَالْبَصَرِand seeingوَالنُّطْقِand speaking.جَعَلُواThey madeصُمًّاdeaf,بُكْمًاdumb,عُمْيًاblind;أوorلَمَّاwhenأَعْرَضُواthey turned awayعَنْfromالسَّمْعِhearingوَالْبَصَرِand seeing.وَالنُّطْقِand speaking,صَارُواthey becameكَالصُّمِّlike the deaf.الْعُمْيِthe blindوَالْبُكْمِand the dumb.وَلَيْسَAnd it is notكَذَٰلِكَlike that,بَلْbutنَفْسُthe sameقُلُوبِهِمْtheir heartsعَمِيَتْhave gone blindوَصَمَتَتْand have gone deafوَبُكْمَتْand have gone dumb.كَمَاAsقَالَGod saidتَعَالَىMost High.فَإِنَّهَاIndeedلَاdoes notتَعْمَىgo blindالْأَبْصَارُthe eyes,وَلَكِنbutتَعْمَىgo blindالْقُلُوبُthe heartsالَّتِيthatفِيare inالصُّدُورِthe chests.
And among the people are those who say: 'Why did they not benefit from hearing and seeing and speaking?' They have made themselves deaf, dumb, and blind; or when they turned away from hearing and seeing and speaking, they became like the deaf, blind, and dumb. And it is not like that, but their hearts have gone blind, deaf, and dumb, as God the Most High said: 'Indeed, the eyes do not go blind, but the hearts that are in the chests go blind.'
وَالقَلْبُAnd the heartهُوَisالْمَلِكُthe king,وَالأَعْضَاءُand the membersجُنُودُهُhis soldiers.وَإِذَاAnd ifصَلُحَit is righteousصَلَحَthe wholeسَائِرِof the body,الْجَسَدِthe body.وَإِذَاوَإِذَافَسَدَit is corruptفَسَدَthe wholeسَائِرِof the body.فَيَبْقَىThen the sound remainsبِالأُذُنِin the earالصَّوْتُthe soundكَمَاasتَسْمَعُyou hearالْبَهَائِمَthe beasts,وَالْمَعْنَىand the meaningلَاdoes notيَسْمَعُhearيَفْقَهُunderstand it.وَإِنْAnd ifفَهِمَhe understandsبَعْضًsomeالْفَهْمِunderstanding,لَمْit does notيَفْقَهْهُcomprehend it.فَهْمًاfully.تَامًّاcompletely.فَإِنَّFor indeedالْفَهْمَthe understandingالتَّامَّthe complete understandingيَسْتَلْزِمُrequiresتَأْثِيرَهُits effectفِيinالْقَلْبِthe heartمَحَبَّةَloveالْمَحْبُوبِof the beloved,وَبَغْضَand hatredالْمَكْرُوهِof the disliked.فَمَتَىSo wheneverلَمْthere is notيَحْصُلْobtained this,لَمْthere is notيَكُنit wasالتَّصَوُّرُthe complete understandingالتَّامُّcomplete.حَاصِلًاoccurring.
And the heart is the king, and the organs are its soldiers. If it is righteous, the whole body is righteous; and if it is corrupt, the whole body is corrupt. Then the sound remains in the ear as you hear the beasts, and the meaning does not hear and understand it. And if he understands some understanding, he does not comprehend it completely. For complete understanding requires its effect in the heart, which is the love of the beloved and the hatred of the disliked. So whenever this is not obtained, there was not the complete understanding occurring.
فَجَازَSo it is permissibleنَفْيَهُto deny it,لِأَنَّbecauseمَاwhatلَمْhas not beenيَتِمَّcompletedيُنْفَىis denied,كَقَوْلِهِas His sayingلِلَّذِيto the one whoأَسَاءَتْdid wrongفِيinصَلَاتِهِhis prayer:«صَلِّ'Prayفَإِنَّكَfor you did notلَمْnotتُصَلِّpray.
So it is permissible to deny it because what has not been completed is denied, as His saying to the one who did wrong in his prayer: 'Pray, for you did not pray.'
فَنَفْيُSo the denial ofالإِيمَانِfaithحَيْثُwhereنُفِيَdeniedمِنْfromهَذَاthisالْبَابِdoor.
So the denial of faith is where it has been denied from this door.