تَعَالَىHe said::هُوَHeفَمَنSo whoeverكَانَwasيَرْجُوhopingلِقَاءَto meetرَبِّهِhis Lordفَلْيَعْمَلْthen let him doعَمَلًاa deedصَالِحًاrighteousوَلَاand do notيُشْرِكْassociateبِعِبَادَةِin the worship ofرَبِّهِhis Lordأَحَدًاanyone
He said: So whoever was hoping to meet his Lord, then let him do a righteous deed and not associate anyone in the worship of his Lord.
[الكهف](Al-Kahf).يُرِيدُHe meansبِذَلِكَby thatالْمِرَاءَةَthe showing offبِالْأَعْمَالِwith deedsالصَّالِحَةِrighteous.
(Al-Kahf). He means by that the showing off with righteous deeds.
وَقَالَAnd the Prophet saidالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetﷺ:(peace be upon him):«الطِّيرَةُ"The omenشِرْكٌ»is association"
And the Prophet said (peace be upon him): "The omen is association."
قَالَHe saidمُحَمَّدٌMuhammadبْنِthe son ofنَصْرٍNasr::فَهَذَانِThese twoمَذْهَبَانِschools of thoughtهُمَاareفِيinالْجُمْلَةِsummaryمَحْكِيَّانِreportedعَنْfromأَحْمَدَAhmadبْنِthe son ofحَنْبَلٍHanbalفِيinمُوَافَقَةٍagreementمِنْfromأَصْحَابِthe companionsالْحَدِيثِof hadith,حَكَىreportedالشَّالَنْجِيُّAl-ShallenjiإِسْمَاعِيلَIshmaelبْنِthe son ofسَعِيدٍSaeedأَنَّهُthat heسَأَلَaskedأَحْمَدَAhmadبْنِthe son ofحَنْبَلٍHanbalعَنْaboutالْمُصِرِّthe one persistingعَلَىonالْكَبَائِرِthe major sinsيَطْلُبُهَاhe pursues them,بِجَهْدِهِ،with his effort,إِلَّاexceptأَنَّهُthat heلَمْdid notيَتْرُكْleaveالصَّلَاةَthe prayerوَالزَّكَاةَand zakatوَالصِّيَامَ،and fasting,هَلْisيَكُونُhe consideredمُصِرًّاa persistentlyمِمَّنْone whoكَانَتْhasهَذِهِthisحَالُهُ؟state?
Muhammad bin Nasr said: These two schools of thought are reported in summary from Ahmad bin Hanbal in agreement from the companions of hadith. Al-Shallenji reported that Ishmael bin Saeed asked Ahmad bin Hanbal about a person persisting in major sins, pursuing them with his effort, except that he did not leave the prayer, zakat, and fasting. Is he considered a person in a state of persistence?
قَالَ:He said:هُوَHe isمُصِرٌّ،a persistent one,مِثْلَlikeقَوْلِهِhis saying:لَا يَزْنِيThe fornicator does not commit fornicationالزَّانِيُthe fornicatorحِينَwhenيَزْنِيhe commits adulteryوَهُوَwhile heمُؤْمِنٌis a believerيَخْرُجُhe exitsمِنْfromالْإِيمَانِfaithوَيَقَعُand fallsفِيintoالْإِسْلَامِ،Islam,وَمِنْand fromنَحْوِsimilar toقَوْلِهِ:his statement:«لَا"Do notيَشْرَبْdrinkالْخَمْرَthe wineحِينَwhenيَشْرَبُهَاhe drinks itوَهُوَwhile heمُؤْمِنٌ،is a believer,وَلَاand does notيَسْرِقْstealحِينَwhenيَسْرِقُhe stealsوَهُوَwhile heمُؤْمِنٌis a believer.
He said: He is a persistent one, like his saying: The fornicator does not commit fornication while he is a believer; he exits from faith and falls into Islam. And similar to his statement: 'Do not drink wine when he drinks it while he is a believer, nor steal when he steals while he is a believer.'
وَمِنْAnd concerningنَحْوِsimilar toقَوْلِthe sayingابْنِof IbnعَبَّاسٍAbbasفِيinقَوْلِهِ:his saying:﴿وَمَن﴿And whoeverلَمْdid notيَحْكُمjudgeبِمَاby whatأَنْزَلَwas revealedاللَّهُby Allahفَأُولَئِكَthen thoseهُمُthey areالْكَافِرُونَthe disbelievers﴾.
And concerning the similar saying of Ibn Abbas in his statement: ‘And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, those are the disbelievers.’
فَقُلْتُI said to him:مَاWhat isهَذَاthisالْكُفْرُ؟disbelief?فَقَالَ:He said:كُفْرٌIt is a disbeliefلَاthat does notيَنْقُلُtransferعَنْfromالْمِلَّةِ،the faith, comprehensively,مِثْلُlikeالإِيمَانِfaithبَعْضُهُsome of itدُونَless thanبَعْضٍ،some, likewise.وَكَذَلِكَAnd thusالْكُفْرُdisbeliefحَتَّىuntilيَجِيءَthere comesمِنْfromذَلِكَthatأَمْرٌa matterلَاthat does notيَخْتَلِفُdifferفِيهِ.in it.
I said to him: What is this disbelief? He said: It is a disbelief that does not transfer from the faith, like faith having some parts lesser than others. And thus, disbelief until a matter comes where there is no difference in it.
وَقَالَAnd he saidابْنُIbnأَبِيof Abuشَيْبَةَ:Sheiba:لَاThere is noيَزْنِيfornicatorحِينَwhenيَزْنِيhe commits adulteryوَهُوَwhile heمُؤْمِنٌ:is a believer:لَاnotيَكُونُbecomeمُسْتَكْمِلًاfulfilled inالْإِيمَانِ،faith,يَكُونُbut it has to beنَاقِصًlackingمِمَّاfromإِيمَانِهِ،his faith.قَالَ:He said:وَسَأَلْتُAnd I askedأَحْمَدَAhmadبْنِIbnحَنْبَلٍHanbalعَنْaboutالإِسْلَامِIslamوَالْإِيمَانِ؟and faith?فَقَالَ:He said:الإِيمَانُFaith isقَوْلٌa statementوَعَمَلٌand actionوَالْإِسْلَامُand Islam isإِقْرَارٌ،acknowledgment.قَالَ:He said:وَبِهَذَاAnd with thisقَالَsaidأَبُوAbuخَيْثَمَةَ،Khaithama,وَقَالَand he saidابْنُIbnأَبِيAbuشَيْبَةَ:Sheiba:لَاThere is noيَكُونُbeالإِسْلَامُIslamإِلَّاexceptبِإِيمَانٍ،with faith,وَلَاand noإِيمَانٌfaithإِلَّاexceptبِإِسْلَامٍ.with Islam.
And Ibn Abu Shayba said: There is no fornicator when he commits adultery while he is a believer: he does not attain complete faith; he is deficient in his faith. He said: And I asked Ahmad bin Hanbal about Islam and faith? He said: Faith is a statement and action, while Islam is acknowledgment. He said: With this, Abu Khaithama said, and Ibn Abu Shayba said: There can be no Islam without faith, and no faith without Islam.
قُلْتُ:I said:وَقَدْAnd there hasتَقَدَّمَbeen previously statedتَمَامُthe completenessالْكَلَامِof the statementبِتَلَازُمِهِمَاwith their interdependence.وَإِنْAnd ifكَانَone isمُسَمَّىnamedأَحَدُهُمَاone of themلَيْسَis notهُوَthe same asمُسَمَّىthe name ofالْآخَرِ،the other,وَقَدْand there areحَكَىreportedغَيْرَothersواحِدٍoneإِجْمَاعًاconsensusأَهْلَof the people ofالسُّنَّةِthe Sunnahوَالْحَدِيثِand hadithعَلَىonأَنَّthatالإِيمَانَfaithقَوْلٌis a statementوَعَمَلٌand action.
I said: And there has been previously stated the completeness of the statement with their interdependence. And if one is named one of them, it is not necessarily the same as the name of the other. There are reports from others regarding the consensus of the people of the Sunnah and hadith on that faith is a statement and action.
قَالَHe saidأَبُوAbuعُمَرَUmarبْنِthe son ofعَبْدِAbdالْبَرِّAl-Barفِيin«الْتَّمْهِيدِ»:"The Preparation":أَجْمَعَتِthe scholars have agreedأَهْلُthe people ofالْفِقْHfiqhوَالْحَدِيثِand hadithعَلَىonأَنَّthatالإِيمَانَfaithقَوْلٌis a statementوَعَمَلٌand actionوَلَاand there is noعَمَلٌactionإِلَّاexceptبِنِيَّةٍ.with intention.وَالإِيمَانُAnd faithعِندَهُمْaccording to themيَزِيدُincreasesبِالطَّاعَةِwith obedienceوَيَنْقُصُand decreasesبِالْمَعْصِيَةِ.with disobedience.وَالطَّاعَاتُAnd the acts of worshipكُلَّهَاallعِندَهُمْaccording to themإِيمَانٌare acts of faithإِلَّاexceptمَاwhatذُكِرَis mentionedعَنْaboutأَبِيAbuحَنِيفَةَHanifaوَأَصْحَابِهِ،and his companions.
He said: Abu Umar bin Abdul Bar in 'The Preparation': The scholars have agreed, the people of fiqh and hadith, that faith is a statement and action, and there is no action except with intention. And faith according to them increases with obedience and decreases with disobedience. And all acts of worship according to them are acts of faith except what is mentioned about Abu Hanifa and his companions.
(۱)(1)[صحيح[Authenticالْجَامِعِof the compilerالصَّغِيرَةِthe small٣٩٦٠].3960].(۲)(2)قَالَHe saidالأَلْبَانِيُّAl-Albani:]انظُرLook
(1) [Authentic of the compiler the small 3960]. (2) He said Al-Albani: Look.
وَنَقُولُAnd we sayلِلشَّيْخِto the Sheikhوكَيْفَhowنَنْظُرُdo we lookوَمُصَوِّرَتُنَاand our imageعِندَكَwith youوَلَاand do notتُعِيدَهَاrepeat it- -يَرْحَمُكَmay Allah have mercy on youاللَّهُO Allah,زُهَيْرٌZuheir
And we say to the Sheikh: How do we look when our image with you, and do not repeat it - may Allah have mercy on you, Zuheir.