وَأَمَّاAs forقَوْلُهُhis saying(وَالَّذِينَ(And those whoإِذَاwhenفَعَلُواthey commitفَاحِشَةًan indecencyأَوْorظَلَمُواthey wrongedأَنفُسَهُمْthemselves
As for his saying: (And those who, when they commit an indecency or wrong themselves)...
فَهُوَit isنَكِرَةٌindefiniteفِيinسِيَاقِthe contextالشَّرْطِof conditionيَعُمُّwhich encompassesكُلَّeverythingمَاthatفِيهِin itظُلْمٌis wrongingالْإِنْسَانِthe humanنَفْسَهُhimself
It is an indefinite term in the context of conditions that encompasses everything in which a person wrongs himself.
فَهُوَSo heإِذَاifأَشْرَكَhe associates (partners with God)ثُمَّthenتَابَrepents,تَابَGod acceptsاللَّهُthe repentanceعَلَيْهِof him.
So if he associates (partners with God) and then repents, God accepts his repentance.
وَقَدْAnd it hasتَقَدَّمَbeen previously mentionedأَنَّthatظُلْمَwrongingالْإِنْسَانِa humanلِنَفْسِهِto himselfيَدْخُلُincludesفِيهِin itكُلَّeveryذَنْبٍsinكَبِيرٍmajorأَوْorصَغِيرٍminorمَعَwithoutالْإِطْلَاقِexception.
And it has been previously mentioned that the wronging of a human to himself includes every sin, major or minor, without exception.
وَقَالَAnd Allah saidتَعَالَىthe Exalted:ثُمَّThenأَوْرَثْنَاWe inheritedالْكِتَابَthe Bookالَّذِينَto those whoاصْطَفَيْنَاWe have chosenمِنْfromعِبَادِنَاOur servants.
And Allah said the Exalted: 'Then We inherited the Book to those whom We have chosen from Our servants.'
فَمِنْهُمْSo among themظَالِمٌis a wrongdoerلِنَفْسِهِto himself,وَمِنْهُمْand among themمُقْتَصِدٌis one who is moderateوَمِنْهُمْand among themسَابِقٌis one who is foremostبِالْخَيْرَاتِin good deeds.
So among them is a wrongdoer to himself, and among them is one who is moderate, and among them is one who is foremost in good deeds.
وَهَذَاAnd thisلَاdoes notيُنَفِيnegateأَنْthatيُؤَاخَذَone may be taken to accountأَحَدُهُمْa personبِظُلْمِfor his wrongingنَفْسِهِof himselfإِذَاifلَمْhe did notيَتُبْrepent,
And this does not negate that a person may be taken to account for his wronging of himself if he does not repent.
كَمَاAsقَالَAllah saidتَعَالَىthe Exalted:فَمَنSo whoeverيَعْمَلْdoes a good deedمِثْقَالَthe weight of aذَرَّةٍatom's weightخَيْرًاof goodيَرَhe shall see itوَمَنand whoeverيَعْمَلْdoesمِثْقَالَthe weight of aذَرَّةٍatom's weightشَرًّاof evilيَرَhe shall see it.
As Allah said the Exalted: 'So whoever does an atom's weight of good shall see it, and whoever does an atom's weight of evil shall see it.'
وَقَدْAnd AbuسَأَلَBakr askedالنَّبِيَّthe Prophetﷺ, and he said:يَاOرَسُولَMessengerاللَّهِof Allah!وَأَيُّنَاWhich of usلَمْhas notيَعْمَلْcommittedسُوءًا؟evil?
And Abu Bakr asked the Prophet ﷺ and he said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Which of us has not committed evil?'
فَقَالَHe said:يَاOأَبَاAbuبَكْرBakr!أَلَسْتَAre you notتَنْصَبُlaboring?أَلَسْتَAre you notتَحْزَنْ؟feeling sad?أَلَسْتَAre you notتُصِيبُكَstruck byاللَّأْوَاءِ؟hardships?
He said: 'O Abu Bakr! Are you not laboring? Are you not feeling sad? Are you not struck by hardships?'
وَكُلُّAnd everyهَذَاthisيَدُلُّindicatesعَلَىthatالظُّلْمَwrongingتَحْتَunderفُنُونٍcategoriesكَثِيرَةٍmanyوَلِذَلِكَAnd therefore,يَجِبُit is necessaryعَلَىforالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersالْإِحْسَانَto do goodلِأَنفُسِهِمْto themselves.
And every this indicates that wronging is under many categories, and therefore, it is necessary for the believers to do good to themselves.